Acute Effects of a Practical Blood Flow Restriction Device During Swimming Exercise.

Felipe Domingos Lisbôa, Rafael Alves de Aguiar, Gustavo Soares Pereira, Fabrizio Caputo
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Abstract

Purpose: The present study aimed to analyze: 1) the reliability of the tissue saturation index (TSI) and ratings of perceived discomfort (RPD) responses wearing a neoprene practical cuff (PrC), comparing with the responses from traditional (TrC) pneumatic cuffs (study I); 2) the effects of PrC on metabolic (blood lactate concentration, BLC), perceptual (rate of perceived effort, RPE) and kinematic responses at sub-maximal swimming velocities (study II). Methods: Study I; 1) PrC test-retest at rest and during swimming ergometer exercise; 2) BFR at rest with TrC inflated to different percentages of the minimum arterial occlusion pressure (MAOP; 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140%). Test-retest reliability of TSI and RPD was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and comparisons among conditions were analyzed by one-way repeated-measures ANOVA. Study II; 1) 50, 200 and 400 m swimming performances; 2) sub-maximal incremental swimming protocol with and without PrC. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare all variables during sub-maximal velocities. Results: TSI (ICC = 0.81; 95%CI 0.62-0.91) and RPD (ICC = 0.97; 95%CI 0.94-0.99) were reliable under restricted exercise using PrC. TSI during restricted exercise was lower (p <.001) compared to unrestricted exercise (6.8 ± 6.1% vs. 21.6 ± 8.2% of physiological normalization). PrC showed higher BLC only at or above 91% of critical velocity (p < .03), while stroke rate and RPE were higher (p < .005), and stroke length was lower (p < .03) during all swimming velocities. Conclusion: This easy-to-handle and affordable practical BFR device increased physiological stress at sub-maximal efforts which could be an additional training tool for swimmers.

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实用气流限制装置在游泳运动中的急性影响。
目的:本研究旨在分析:1)组织饱和指数(TSI)和佩戴氯丁橡胶实用袖带(PrC)的感知不适(RPD)反应评级的可靠性,并与传统(TrC)气动袖带的反应进行比较(研究I);2) PrC对亚最大游泳速度下的代谢(血乳酸浓度,BLC)、感知(感知努力率,RPE)和运动反应的影响(研究II)。方法:研究一;1) 在休息和游泳测力计运动期间进行PrC重测;2) 静息时的BFR,TrC充气至最低动脉闭塞压力的不同百分比(MAOP;60%、80%、100%、120%和140%)。TSI和RPD的测试-再测试可靠性通过组内相关系数(ICC)进行评估,条件之间的比较通过单向重复测量ANOVA进行分析。研究II;1) 50、200和400 m游泳表演;2) 有和没有PrC的亚最大增量游泳方案。双向重复测量ANOVA用于比较亚最大速度期间的所有变量。结果:TSI(ICC = 0.81;95%置信区间0.62-0.91)和RPD(ICC = 0.97;95%可信区间0.94-0.99)在使用PrC的限制性运动下是可靠的。限制性运动期间的TSI低于非限制性运动(生理正常化的6.8±6.1%对21.6±8.2%)(p。001)。PrC仅在临界速度的91%或以上时表现出较高的BLC(p p p 结论:这种易于操作且价格合理的实用BFR装置在亚最大努力下增加了生理压力,可以成为游泳运动员的额外训练工具。
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