Tumor Markers as Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury Incidence and Staging of the Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Receiving Chemoradiation Therapy.

IF 2.1 Q3 ONCOLOGY World Journal of Oncology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-20 DOI:10.14740/wjon1676
Syah Mirsya Warli, Fauriski Febrian Prapiska, Dewi Indah Sari Siregar, Ilham Ari Seja
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Abstract

Background: Bladder cancer, as one of types of cancers within the urinary tract, is associated with a greater risk of acute kidney injury (AKI), resulting in a poorer prognosis, discontinuation of effective oncological treatments, longer hospitalization, and higher expenses. There is no discussion yet on tumor markers in bladder cancer. With the revolutionary advances in bladder cancer molecular subtyping over the past decade, the presence of tumor markers to assess the staging of bladder cancer has yet to be discussed. In this study, we intended to assess the relationship between tumor markers and incidence of AKI, also between tumor markers and the cancer staging.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study utilized secondary data from 26 medical records of patients diagnosed with bladder cancer at the Adam Malik and Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital between 2021and 2022. This study included all patients with bladder cancer who met the inclusion criteria. Continuous variables were reported as mean (standard deviation (SD)) and examined using an independent t-test. Categorical variables were reported as proportions, examined using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Pre- and post-tumor marker data were evaluated with dependent sample t-test for normal variance data, and Wilcoxon test for data with atypical distribution. P values were set at 0.05.

Results: CD44 (P = 0.003) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) (P = 0.030) were the only significant markers in their pre- and post-chemoradiation states among the four investigated tumor markers in this study. Meanwhile, PD-1 tumor marker levels were only found to be significant between AKI and pre-chemoradiation (P = 0.011). Even though the multivariate study of tumor staging did not show any statistical significance, both tumor markers CD44 and PD-1 showed a significant effect on the incidence of acute renal damage (P = 0.034).

Conclusions: Pre-chemoradiation PD-1 tumor markers showed promise as good predictive indicators for staging and AKI incidence in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients undergoing chemoradiation therapy.

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肿瘤标志物作为接受化学放射治疗的肌源性癌症急性肾损伤发病率和分期的预测因素。
背景:膀胱癌症作为尿路中的一种癌症,与更大的急性肾损伤(AKI)风险相关,导致预后较差、有效肿瘤治疗中断、住院时间更长和费用更高。目前还没有关于膀胱癌症肿瘤标志物的讨论。在过去的十年里,随着癌症分子亚型的革命性进展,用于评估癌症膀胱分期的肿瘤标志物的存在还有待讨论。在本研究中,我们旨在评估肿瘤标志物与AKI发病率之间的关系,以及肿瘤标志物和癌症分期之间的关系。方法:这项回顾性横断面研究利用了Adam Malik和Sumatera Utara大学医院2021年至2022年间诊断为膀胱癌症患者的26份医疗记录中的二次数据。本研究纳入了所有符合入选标准的癌症患者。连续变量报告为平均值(标准差(SD)),并使用独立t检验进行检验。分类变量按比例报告,使用卡方检验或Fisher精确检验进行检验。肿瘤前和肿瘤后的标志物数据采用依赖样本t检验对正态方差数据进行评估,Wilcoxon检验对非典型分布数据进行评估。结果:CD44(P=0.003)和程序性细胞死亡1(PD-1)(P=0.030)是本研究中四种肿瘤标志物中唯一处于放化疗前和放化疗后状态的显著标志物。同时,PD-1肿瘤标志物水平仅在AKI和放化疗前之间显著(P=0.011)。尽管肿瘤分期的多变量研究没有显示任何统计学意义,肿瘤标志物CD44和PD-1均对急性肾损伤的发生率有显著影响(P=0.034)。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
15.40%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: World Journal of Oncology, bimonthly, publishes original contributions describing basic research and clinical investigation of cancer, on the cellular, molecular, prevention, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis aspects. The submissions can be basic research or clinical investigation oriented. This journal welcomes those submissions focused on the clinical trials of new treatment modalities for cancer, and those submissions focused on molecular or cellular research of the oncology pathogenesis. Case reports submitted for consideration of publication should explore either a novel genomic event/description or a new safety signal from an oncolytic agent. The areas of interested manuscripts are these disciplines: tumor immunology and immunotherapy; cancer molecular pharmacology and chemotherapy; drug sensitivity and resistance; cancer epidemiology; clinical trials; cancer pathology; radiobiology and radiation oncology; solid tumor oncology; hematological malignancies; surgical oncology; pediatric oncology; molecular oncology and cancer genes; gene therapy; cancer endocrinology; cancer metastasis; prevention and diagnosis of cancer; other cancer related subjects. The types of manuscripts accepted are original article, review, editorial, short communication, case report, letter to the editor, book review.
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