Role of c-Myc in lung cancer: Progress, challenges, and prospects

Nicholas J. Wallbillich , Hua Lu
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the recent advances in cancer therapies, the 5-year survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients hovers around 20%. Inherent and acquired resistance to therapies (including radiation, chemotherapies, targeted drugs, and combination therapies) has become a significant obstacle in the successful treatment of NSCLC. c-Myc, one of the critical oncoproteins, has been shown to be heavily associated with the malignant cancer phenotype, including rapid proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance across multiple cancer types. The c-Myc proto-oncogene is amplified in small cell lung cancers (SCLCs) and overexpressed in over 50% of NSCLCs. c-Myc is known to actively regulate the transcription of cancer stemness genes that are recognized as major contributors to tumor progression and therapeutic resistance; thus, targeting c-Myc either directly or indirectly in mitigation of the cancer stemness phenotype becomes a promising approach for development of a new strategy against drug resistant lung cancers. This review will summarize what is currently known about the mechanisms underlying c-Myc regulation of cancer stemness and its involvement in drug resistance and offer an overview on the current progress and future prospects in therapeutically targeting c-Myc in both SCLC and NSCLC.

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c-Myc在肺癌中的作用:进展、挑战和前景
癌症仍然是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。尽管癌症治疗取得了最新进展,但癌症非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的5年生存率徘徊在20%左右。对治疗(包括放疗、化疗、靶向药物和联合治疗)的固有和获得性耐药性已成为成功治疗NSCLC的重大障碍。c-Myc是一种关键的癌蛋白,已被证明与恶性癌症表型密切相关,包括多种癌症类型的快速增殖、转移和化疗耐药性。c-Myc原癌基因在小细胞肺癌(SCLCs)中扩增,并在超过50%的NSCLC中过表达。已知c-Myc积极调节癌症干性基因的转录,这些基因被认为是肿瘤进展和治疗耐药性的主要贡献者;因此,直接或间接靶向c-Myc以减轻癌症干性表型成为开发抗耐药肺癌新策略的一种有前途的方法。这篇综述将总结目前已知的癌症干性的c-Myc调节机制及其与耐药性的关系,并概述在SCLC和NSCLC中靶向c-Myc的治疗进展和未来前景。
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来源期刊
Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine
Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
CiteScore
0.40
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