Correlation between soil environment and yield and quality of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) under different planting patterns

Q3 Medicine Digital Chinese Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.011
Yin Cuiyun , Li Yihang , Yu Jing , Zhao Hongyou , Deng Zhaoyou , Tang Deying , Aung Kyaw Oo , Zhang Lixia
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Abstract

Objective

To study the effects of soil environment on the growth, yield, and quality of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) under different planting patterns.

Methods

Soil physical and chemical indices and enzyme activities in four periods including early flowering (March), full flowering (June), fruit ripening (September), and late fruit picking (December), were measured under three planting patterns including natural forest, greenhouse, and rubber forest in Xishuangbanna, China. The changes in soil indices during the growth periods of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) under different planting patterns were analyzed, and the differences in plant growth, yield, and quality under different planting patterns were explored. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between soil indices and Sharen (Amomi Fructus) growth, yield, and quality. Principal component analysis was used to investigate the effects of soil environment under different planting patterns on Sharen (Amomi Fructus) growth, yield, and quality.

Results

The soil moisture, available potassium content, and urease activity of the three planting patterns of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) increased initially and decreased afterwards throughout the year; pH and organic matter content showed little change in the whole year. Exchangeable manganese content and acid phosphatase activity gradually increased throughout the year. Hydrolyzed nitrogen content, exchangeable calcium content, available zinc content, protease activity, and sucrase activity decreased initially and increased afterwards throughout the year. Exchangeable magnesium content, available iron content, and catalase activity decreased annually. Total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, and available phosphorus content fluctuated throughout the year. The total potassium content under natural forest and greenhouse planting decreased throughout the year, while the total potassium content under rubber forest showed an upward trend all year round. The organic matter content, total nitrogen content, total potassium content, available potassium content, available zinc content, urease activity, acid phosphatase activity, and catalase activity under greenhouse were significantly lower than those under natural and rubber forests (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that plant growth, yield, and quality of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) were significantly correlated with soil organic matter, total nitrogen, hydrolyzed nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium, available potassium, exchangeable manganese, exchangeable magnesium, exchangeable calcium, available zinc, urease, acid phosphatase, and invertase (P < 0.05). The results of the principal component analysis indicated that the soil environment of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) under natural forest was the best, followed by rubber forest and greenhouse. The order of its advantages and disadvantages is consistent with the growth index of Sharen (Amomi Fructus), but contrary to the yield of Sharen (Amomi Fructus), indicating that the soil environment directly affects the growth index and nutritional components of plants.

Conclusion

Different planting patterns of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) have different soil nutrient content, and the change rules in the growths period are not similar, with some differences. Soil indices have impacts on plant growth, yield, and quality of Sharen (Amomi Fructus). Soil ecological environment is positively correlated with the growth characteristics of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) plants, but has no direct correlation with yield and quality.

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不同种植方式下沙仁的土壤环境与产量和品质的相关性
目的研究不同种植方式下土壤环境对砂仁生长、产量和品质的影响。方法在西双版纳天然林、温室和橡胶林三种种植模式下,测定了早花期(3月)、盛花期(6月)、成熟期(9月)和采果期(12月)4个时期的土壤理化指标和酶活性。分析了不同种植方式下沙仁生长期土壤指标的变化,探讨了不同种植模式下沙仁的生长、产量和品质差异。采用Pearson相关分析方法,分析了土壤指标与砂仁生长、产量和品质的关系。采用主成分分析法研究了不同种植模式下土壤环境对砂仁生长、产量和品质的影响。结果三种砂仁种植模式的土壤水分、有效钾含量和脲酶活性在一年中先升高后降低;pH值和有机质含量全年变化不大。全年可交换锰含量和酸性磷酸酶活性逐渐增加。全年水解氮含量、可交换钙含量、有效锌含量、蛋白酶活性和蔗糖酶活性先下降后上升。可交换镁含量、有效铁含量和过氧化氢酶活性逐年下降。总氮含量、总磷含量和有效磷含量全年波动。天然林和温室种植下的总钾含量全年下降,而橡胶林下的总含量全年呈上升趋势。温室下有机质含量、总氮含量、总钾含量、有效钾含量、速效锌含量、脲酶活性、酸性磷酸酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性均显著低于天然林和橡胶林(P<;0.05),砂仁品质与土壤有机质、全氮、水解氮、总磷、有效磷、全钾、有效钾、交换性锰、交换性镁、交换性钙、有效锌、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、,主成分分析结果表明,沙仁在天然林下的土壤环境最好,其次是橡胶林和温室。其优缺点的顺序与沙仁的生长指数一致,但与沙仁产量相反,表明土壤环境直接影响植物的生长指数和营养成分。结论不同的砂仁种植模式具有不同的土壤养分含量,生长期的变化规律不相似,存在一定的差异。土壤指标对砂仁的生长、产量和品质均有影响。土壤生态环境与砂仁植物生长特性呈正相关,但与产量和品质无直接相关性。
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来源期刊
Digital Chinese Medicine
Digital Chinese Medicine Medicine-Complementary and Alternative Medicine
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
126
审稿时长
63 days
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