Conformational landscapes of symmetrically fluorine-substituted benzoic acids II: Calculations and measurements for the rotational spectrum and structure of 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid

Abstract

Calculations on the structure of 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid were made using the Gaussian 16 program. The potential energy surfaces were scanned along CCCO and OCOH dihedral angles at the B3LYP/6-311G level to analyze its conformational landscape. Two conformations were identified and reoptimized at the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ level. The result indicates that 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid prefers a planar structure in its global minimum conformation. The pure rotational spectra of 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid were measured in the frequency range of 6 – 12.5 GHz using a chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave (CP-FTMW) spectrometer. The spectra of the parent, seven ¹³C, and one deuterium singly substituted isotopologues were analyzed and fitted to measurement accuracy for a semi-rigid asymmetric top molecule. The rotational constants and centrifugal distortion constants were accurately determined. The rotational constants for the parent isotopologue are A = 1535.31408(32) MHz, B = 650.31751(16) MHz, and C = 456.98499(12) MHz. The effective structure of its ground vibrational state was determined from the spectra of the mono-substituted isotopologues. The agreement between the calculated and experimental spectroscopic constants is excellent.