Diabetes mellitus: Preventive and curative therapies with aqueous extract of Rytigynia senegalensis Blume (Rubiaceae) in Wistar rats

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ACS Applied Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.03.001

Barthelemy Maidadi , Fidèle Ntchapda , David Miaffo , Abba Talba Mahamad

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Abstract

Background and aim

African traditional healers use Rytigynia senegalensis Blume to treat diseases such as diabetes mellitus, malaria, dysentery, constipation, and hemorrhoids. This study aimed to assess the hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, and antioxidant properties of R. senegalensis extract (AERS) in type 1 diabetic (T1D) and insulin-resistant (T2D) rats.

Experimental procedure

The induction of T1D was made by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg b.w). As for T2D, it was induced for 10 days by daily subcutaneous administration of dexamethasone (1 mg/kg b.w). Diabetic animals were divided and treated with AERS (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w) for 28 and 10 days for T1D and T2D, respectively. Glycaemia, food and water consumption, relative body weight, insulinemia, lipid profile, and oxidative stress parameters were evaluated. Histological sections were made on the pancreas of T1D rats.

Results and conclusion

AERS (100 and/or 200 mg/kg) prevented (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001) weight loss, polyphagia, and polysipsia in diabetic rats. AERS significantly lowered (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001) insulinemia, hyperglycemia, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) total cholesterol (TC),and malondialdehyde (MDA). In contrast, a significant increase (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001) in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels, reduced glutathione levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were observed with all doses of AERS. Histopathological analysis showed an increase in the number and size of islets of Langerhans in the pancreas of T1D rats receiving AERS. AERS has an important antidiabetic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant potential.

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红荆水提物对Wistar大鼠糖尿病的防治作用

背景和目的非洲传统治疗师使用塞内加尔龙舌兰治疗糖尿病、疟疾、痢疾、便秘和痔疮等疾病。本研究旨在评估人参提取物（AERS）对1型糖尿病（T1D）和胰岛素抵抗（T2D）大鼠的降血糖、降脂和抗氧化性能。实验方法通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素（55mg/kg b.w）诱导T1D。对于T2D，通过每天皮下注射地塞米松（1mg/kg b.w）诱发10天。糖尿病动物被分为两组，分别用AERS（50mg/kg b.w、100mg/kg b.w和200mg/kg b.w.）治疗T1D和T2D 28天和10天。评估血糖、食物和水的消耗量、相对体重、胰岛素血症、脂质状况和氧化应激参数。对T1D大鼠胰腺进行组织学切片。结果和结论AERS（100和/或200 mg/kg）预防了糖尿病大鼠的体重减轻、多食和多食（p＜0.05至p＜0.001）。AERS显著降低（p＜0.05至p＜0.001）胰岛素血症、高血糖、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）总胆固醇（TC）和丙二醛（MDA）。相反，在所有剂量的AERS中观察到高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）水平、还原型谷胱甘肽水平以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的显著增加（p＜0.05至p＜0.001）。组织病理学分析显示，接受AERS的T1D大鼠胰腺中郎格罕岛的数量和大小增加。AERS具有重要的抗糖尿病、抗血脂和抗氧化潜力。

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