Impact of drivers' attributes on children injury severities in traffic crashes

IF 7.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering-English Edition Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jtte.2022.08.004
Sahima Nazneen , Ahmed Farid , Khaled Ksaibati
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Abstract

Every year, a substantial number of children sustain injuries and fatalities in motor vehicle crashes in Wyoming. Understanding the factors contributing to child injury is crucial for the development of appropriate mitigation measures that aid in alleviating the severity of such injuries. In this study, a hierarchical Bayesian binary logit regression model was developed to investigate the factors that contribute to children's injuries resulting from crashes while accounting for possible intra-class correlation effects (those of unobserved factors common to children involved in the same crash). A strong correlation among crashes justified the use of the hierarchical Bayesian logit model. As per the modeling results, the children's ages, safety restraint types, vehicle types, drivers' ages, alcohol/drug involvement, drivers' seat belt use habits, drivers' actions, manners of collision and environmental conditions contributed to child injury risk. The child's age was found to be inversely related to the risk of injury. Similarly, among safety restraint types, rear-facing car seats and forward-facing car seats were found to reduce injury likelihoods in crashes. When it comes to the drivers' characteristics, the probability of incurring injuries among the child population increased in the presence of young, unbuckled and impaired drivers. Furthermore, improper driving actions, such as running off the road, raised the risk of incurring injuries to children. The findings of this study may be beneficial to authorities regarding developing and implementing road safety programs aimed at ameliorating child injury concerns.

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驾驶员属性对交通事故中儿童伤害严重程度的影响
怀俄明州每年都有大量儿童在机动车碰撞中受伤和死亡。了解导致儿童受伤的因素对于制定有助于减轻此类伤害严重程度的适当缓解措施至关重要。在这项研究中,开发了一个分层贝叶斯二元logit回归模型,以调查导致儿童因车祸受伤的因素,同时考虑可能的班内相关性效应(参与同一车祸的儿童常见的未观察到的因素)。崩溃之间的强相关性证明了使用分层贝叶斯logit模型的合理性。根据建模结果,儿童的年龄、安全约束类型、车辆类型、驾驶员的年龄、饮酒/吸毒情况、驾驶员的安全带使用习惯、驾驶员的行为、碰撞方式和环境条件都会导致儿童受伤风险。研究发现,孩子的年龄与受伤风险呈负相关。同样,在安全约束类型中,后向汽车座椅和前向汽车座椅被发现可以降低碰撞中受伤的可能性。当涉及到司机的特征时,在年轻、未系安全带和有残疾的司机在场的情况下,儿童群体受伤的可能性增加。此外,不适当的驾驶行为,如跑路,增加了儿童受伤的风险。这项研究的结果可能有利于当局制定和实施旨在改善儿童伤害问题的道路安全计划。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.60
自引率
6.30%
发文量
402
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition) serves as a renowned academic platform facilitating the exchange and exploration of innovative ideas in the realm of transportation. Our journal aims to foster theoretical and experimental research in transportation and welcomes the submission of exceptional peer-reviewed papers on engineering, planning, management, and information technology. We are dedicated to expediting the peer review process and ensuring timely publication of top-notch research in this field.
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