On nest-site copying, owner aggression, and mimicry: the adaptive significance of interspecific information use in a landscape of fear

IF 1.1 4区 生物学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES acta ethologica Pub Date : 2020-11-02 DOI:10.1007/s10211-020-00357-4
Mylene M. Mariette
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

There is increasing evidence for species using information from heterospecifics to assess predation risk or habitat quality. Notably, a series of influential studies, using geometric symbols added to nest boxes, has shown that migratory flycatchers copy tits’ apparent nest-site preferences and settle in nest boxes bearing the same symbol as tits’ nest boxes. This “Selective Interspecific Information Use” hypothesis was recently challenged by the “Owner Aggression” hypothesis, stating that nest occupancy patterns are instead driven by tits aggressively excluding flycatchers from particular empty boxes to use as potential re-nesting sites after nest predation. Here, I propose the “Adaptive Interspecific Information Use” hypothesis, which outlines the predicted fitness benefits of nest-site copying or rejecting, and, importantly, provides an explanation for inconsistent experimental results to date. Indeed, neither previous hypotheses satisfactorily explains why flycatchers switch from copying to avoiding tits’ preferences, when tits’ clutch sizes are small or tits are at the laying stage. Adding to the recent debate, I show how predictable changes in nest predators’ search image and tits’ anti-predator behaviour may explain this variation. Indeed, incubating tit species aggressively defend their nest against nest predators, including by emitting snake-like vocalisations, which may generally deter predators from boxes bearing a tit nest symbol. By contrast, the undefended tit nests—which occur during laying before incubation starts, or potentially in individuals with small clutches—are easy prey that predators may specifically target. If predators cue on tit nests’ symbol, I therefore predict that, to reduce predation risk throughout the season, flycatchers may switch from avoiding the symbol of undefended tit nests to preferring the symbol of tits incubating large clutches. I propose experiments to test these predictions. Overall, considering nest-site copying in the landscape of fear framework, rather than invalidating the Selective Interspecific Information Use hypothesis, may be key to understand its evolution.

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巢址复制、所有者攻击和模仿:恐惧环境下种间信息使用的适应性意义
越来越多的证据表明,物种利用来自异种的信息来评估捕食风险或栖息地质量。值得注意的是,一系列有影响力的研究表明,在巢箱上添加几何符号,迁徙的捕蝇鸟会模仿山雀对筑巢地点的明显偏好,并在带有与山雀巢箱相同符号的巢箱中定居。这种“选择性种间信息使用”假说最近受到了“所有者侵略”假说的挑战,该假说认为,巢占用模式是由山雀积极地将捕蝇鸟从特定的空盒子中排除出去,以便在鸟巢捕食后作为潜在的重新筑巢地点。在这里,我提出了“适应性种间信息使用”假说,它概述了预测的巢址复制或拒绝的适应性好处,并且重要的是,为迄今为止不一致的实验结果提供了解释。事实上,以前的假设都不能令人满意地解释为什么当山雀的卵数很小或山雀处于产卵阶段时,捕蝇鸟会从模仿山雀的偏好转向避免山雀的偏好。加上最近的争论,我展示了巢捕食者搜索图像和山雀反捕食者行为的可预测变化如何解释这种变化。事实上,孵化中的山雀物种会积极地保护它们的巢穴免受巢穴捕食者的攻击,包括发出像蛇一样的声音,这通常会阻止捕食者靠近带有山雀巢穴标志的盒子。相比之下,不设防的山雀巢——在孵化开始前的产卵期间,或者可能在小窝的个体中——很容易成为捕食者的目标。因此,我预测,如果捕食者对山雀巢穴的标志有所察觉,为了降低整个季节的捕食风险,捕蝇者可能会从避开没有防御的山雀巢穴的标志转向更喜欢山雀孵化大窝的标志。我提出了一些实验来验证这些预测。总之,在恐惧框架的背景下考虑巢址复制,而不是否定选择性种间信息使用假说,可能是理解其进化的关键。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
acta ethologica
acta ethologica 生物-动物学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: acta ethologica publishes empirical and theoretical research papers, short communications, commentaries, reviews and book reviews as well as methods papers in the field of ethology and related disciplines, with a strong concentration on the behavior biology of humans and other animals. The journal places special emphasis on studies integrating proximate (mechanisms, development) and ultimate (function, evolution) levels in the analysis of behavior. Aspects of particular interest include: adaptive plasticity of behavior, inter-individual and geographic variations in behavior, mechanisms underlying behavior, evolutionary processes and functions of behavior, and many other topics. acta ethologica is an official journal of ISPA, CRL and the Portuguese Ethological Society (SPE)
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