Effects of Driver Response Time Under Take-Over Control Based on CAR-ToC Model in Human–Machine Mixed Traffic Flow

IF 4.8 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Automotive Innovation Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI:10.1007/s42154-022-00207-y

Yucheng Zhao, Haoran Geng, Jun Liang, Yafei Wang, Long Chen, Linhao Xu, Wanjia Wang

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Abstract

The take-over control (ToC) of human–machine interaction is a hotspot. From automatic driving to manual driving, some factors affecting driver response time have not been considered in existing models, and little attention has been paid to its effects on mixed traffic flow. This study establishes a ToC model of response based on adaptive control of thought-rational cognitive architecture (CAR-ToC) to investigate the effects of driver response time on traffic flow. A quantification method of driver’s situation cognition uncertainty is also proposed. This method can directly describe the cognitive effect of drivers with different cognitive characteristics on vehicle cluster situations. The results show that when driver response time in ToC is 4.2 s, the traffic state is the best. The greater the response time is, the more obvious the stop-and-go waves exhibit. Besides, crashes happen when manual vehicles hit other types of vehicles in ToC. Effects of driver response time on traffic are illustrated and verified from various aspects. Experiments are designed to verify that road efficiency and safety are increased by using a dynamic take-over strategy. Further, internal causes of effects are revealed and suggestions are discussed for the safety and efficiency of autonomous vehicles.

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基于CAR-ToC模型的人机混合交通流接管控制下驾驶员响应时间的影响

人机交互中的接管控制(ToC)是一个研究热点。从自动驾驶到手动驾驶，现有的模型没有考虑驾驶员响应时间的一些影响因素，也很少关注其对混合交通流的影响。本研究建立了基于自适应控制思维-理性认知架构(CAR-ToC)的反应ToC模型，探讨驾驶员反应时间对交通流的影响。提出了一种驾驶员态势认知不确定性的量化方法。该方法可以直接描述具有不同认知特征的驾驶员在车辆集群情况下的认知效果。结果表明，当驾驶员响应时间为4.2 s时，交通状态最佳。响应时间越长，走走停停波表现得越明显。此外，在ToC中，手动车辆与其他类型车辆碰撞时也会发生碰撞。从多个方面说明并验证了驾驶员响应时间对交通的影响。实验旨在验证使用动态接管策略可以提高道路效率和安全性。进一步揭示了影响的内在原因，并对自动驾驶汽车的安全性和效率提出了建议。

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来源期刊

Automotive Innovation Engineering-Automotive Engineering

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

4.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Automotive Innovation is dedicated to the publication of innovative findings in the automotive field as well as other related disciplines, covering the principles, methodologies, theoretical studies, experimental studies, product engineering and engineering application. The main topics include but are not limited to: energy-saving, electrification, intelligent and connected, new energy vehicle, safety and lightweight technologies. The journal presents the latest trend and advances of automotive technology.