Southern Flounder Life History Diversity and Contributions to Fisheries from Differing Estuarine Salinity Zones

IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Marine and Coastal Fisheries Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI:10.1002/mcf2.10243
Jared K. Chrisp, T. Reid Nelson, Dana K. Sackett, Troy M. Farmer
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Abstract

Otolith chemistry is a useful natural tracer for discerning habitat-use of estuarine fishes. For Southern Flounder Paralichthys lethostigma, recent otolith chemistry studies have revealed a diversity of residency patterns across salinity gradients. However, the contribution of recruits with specific residency patterns to fisheries is poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to (1) use otolith chemistry from fishery-independent and fishery-dependent collections in Mobile Bay, Alabama, to classify lifetime residency patterns (i.e., freshwater, transient, estuarine) in Southern Flounder collected across a large estuarine salinity gradient (0–30 psu); (2) to test if Southern Flounder exhibited resident or migratory behavior by determining if lifetime residency patterns in fishery-independent samples matched expected salinity patterns in the region of collection after accounting for annual variation in river discharge; and (3) to examine which residency patterns contributed to the commercial and recreational Southern Flounder fisheries in nearby coastal waters. Age-0 residency patterns in fishery-independent samples were strongly correlated with region of collection and annual river discharge, suggesting that the majority of Southern Flounder had resided in the same region in which they spent their age-0 growth phase. Southern Flounder with a combination of freshwater and estuarine salinity signals and classified as “transient” did not appear to have conducted large-scale movements across salinity gradients, but instead resided in regions of the estuary experiencing seasonal fluctuations in salinity. The majority (57%) of commercially and recreationally harvested Southern Flounder were transients, while a minority (39%) were estuarine residents and lifetime freshwater residents (4%) were rarely harvested. Results from this study suggest that Southern Flounder settle in and remain in the certain habitats during the estuarine residency phase. Given the lack of movement across habitats, future efforts to understand how habitat-specific conditions (e.g., abiotic, biotic, fishing exploitation) affect vital rates seems warranted for a species currently experiencing population declines.

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不同河口盐度区南方浮游动物生活史多样性及其对渔业的贡献
耳石化学是一种有用的天然示踪剂,用于识别河口鱼类的栖息地用途。对于南牙鲆,最近的耳石化学研究揭示了不同盐度梯度的居住模式的多样性。然而,人们对具有特定居住模式的新兵对渔业的贡献知之甚少。本研究的目的是:(1)使用阿拉巴马州莫比尔湾渔业独立和渔业依赖采集的耳石化学,对在大河口盐度梯度(0-30psu)上采集的南佛罗里达州的终生居住模式(即淡水、瞬态、河口)进行分类;(2) 在考虑河流流量的年度变化后,通过确定渔业独立样本的终生居住模式是否与采集区域的预期盐度模式相匹配,来测试南部河豚是否表现出定居或迁徙行为;以及(3)研究哪些居住模式有助于附近沿海水域的商业和娱乐性南佛罗里达渔业。渔业独立样本中的0岁居住模式与采集区域和年度河流流量密切相关,这表明大多数南部浮游动物居住在他们度过0岁生长期的同一区域。具有淡水和河口盐度信号组合并被归类为“瞬态”的南部浮游动物似乎没有在盐度梯度上进行大规模运动,而是居住在经历盐度季节性波动的河口区域。大多数(57%)商业和娱乐性捕捞的南部浮潜是短暂的,而少数(39%)是河口居民,终身淡水居民(4%)很少被捕捞。这项研究的结果表明,在河口居住阶段,南部河豚会定居并留在特定的栖息地。鉴于栖息地之间缺乏流动,对于目前正在经历种群减少的物种来说,未来有必要了解栖息地特定条件(如非生物、生物、渔业开发)如何影响生命率。
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来源期刊
Marine and Coastal Fisheries
Marine and Coastal Fisheries FISHERIES-MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
5.90%
发文量
40
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science publishes original and innovative research that synthesizes information on biological organization across spatial and temporal scales to promote ecologically sound fisheries science and management. This open-access, online journal published by the American Fisheries Society provides an international venue for studies of marine, coastal, and estuarine fisheries, with emphasis on species'' performance and responses to perturbations in their environment, and promotes the development of ecosystem-based fisheries science and management.
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