{"title":"Free-lattice functors weakly preserve epi-pullbacks","authors":"H. Peter Gumm, Ralph S. Freese","doi":"10.1007/s00012-022-00774-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Suppose <i>p</i>(<i>x</i>, <i>y</i>, <i>z</i>) and <i>q</i>(<i>x</i>, <i>y</i>, <i>z</i>) are terms. If there is a common “ancestor” term <span>\\(s(z_{1},z_{2},z_{3},z_{4})\\)</span> specializing to <i>p</i> and <i>q</i> through identifying some variables </p><div><div><span>$$\\begin{aligned} p(x,y,z)&\\approx s(x,y,z,z)\\\\ q(x,y,z)&\\approx s(x,x,y,z), \\end{aligned}$$</span></div></div><p>then the equation </p><div><div><span>$$\\begin{aligned} p(x,x,z)\\approx q(x,z,z) \\end{aligned}$$</span></div></div><p>is a trivial consequence. In this note we show that for lattice terms, and more generally for terms of lattice-ordered algebras, a converse is true, too. Given terms <i>p</i>, <i>q</i>, and an equation </p><div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div><p> where <span>\\(\\{u_{1},\\ldots ,u_{m}\\}=\\{v_{1},\\ldots ,v_{n}\\},\\)</span> there is always an “ancestor term” <span>\\(s(z_{1},\\ldots ,z_{r})\\)</span> such that <span>\\(p(x_{1},\\ldots ,x_{m})\\)</span> and <span>\\(q(y_{1},\\ldots ,y_{n})\\)</span> arise as substitution instances of <i>s</i>, whose unification results in the original equation (<span>\\(*\\)</span>). In category theoretic terms the above proposition, when restricted to lattices, has a much more concise formulation:<i>Free-lattice functors weakly preserve pullbacks</i> <i>of epis</i>. Finally, we show that <i>weak</i> preservation is all that we can hope for. We prove that for an arbitrary idempotent variety <span>\\({{\\mathcal {V}}}\\)</span> the free-algebra functor <span>\\(F_{{\\mathcal {V}}}\\)</span> will not <i>preserve</i> pullbacks of epis unless <span>\\({{\\mathcal {V}}}\\)</span> is trivial (satisfying <span>\\(x\\approx y\\)</span>) or <span>\\({{\\mathcal {V}}}\\)</span> contains the “variety of sets” (where all operations are implemented as projections).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50827,"journal":{"name":"Algebra Universalis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2022-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00012-022-00774-5.pdf","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Algebra Universalis","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00012-022-00774-5","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Suppose p(x, y, z) and q(x, y, z) are terms. If there is a common “ancestor” term \(s(z_{1},z_{2},z_{3},z_{4})\) specializing to p and q through identifying some variables
is a trivial consequence. In this note we show that for lattice terms, and more generally for terms of lattice-ordered algebras, a converse is true, too. Given terms p, q, and an equation
where \(\{u_{1},\ldots ,u_{m}\}=\{v_{1},\ldots ,v_{n}\},\) there is always an “ancestor term” \(s(z_{1},\ldots ,z_{r})\) such that \(p(x_{1},\ldots ,x_{m})\) and \(q(y_{1},\ldots ,y_{n})\) arise as substitution instances of s, whose unification results in the original equation (\(*\)). In category theoretic terms the above proposition, when restricted to lattices, has a much more concise formulation:Free-lattice functors weakly preserve pullbacksof epis. Finally, we show that weak preservation is all that we can hope for. We prove that for an arbitrary idempotent variety \({{\mathcal {V}}}\) the free-algebra functor \(F_{{\mathcal {V}}}\) will not preserve pullbacks of epis unless \({{\mathcal {V}}}\) is trivial (satisfying \(x\approx y\)) or \({{\mathcal {V}}}\) contains the “variety of sets” (where all operations are implemented as projections).
期刊介绍:
Algebra Universalis publishes papers in universal algebra, lattice theory, and related fields. In a pragmatic way, one could define the areas of interest of the journal as the union of the areas of interest of the members of the Editorial Board. In addition to research papers, we are also interested in publishing high quality survey articles.