Benefits and pitfalls: Epigenetic modulators in prostate cancer intervention

Abstract

Prostate cancer is a common malignancy in men worldwide. In the initial treatment, ADT has been used as the cornerstone, but unfortunately, mainstream patients transition to the refractory state of prostate cancer, i.e., CRPC. Thus, newer therapeutics are required for the treatment of patients un or less responsive to ADT. Epigenetic aberrations, namely, DNA methylation and histone modifications are the ultimate chauffeurs of prostate cancer with an emerging role to erase the roadmaps to this disease. However, more robust clinical evidence would be indispensable to put forward reliable therapeutics with the scope to effectively combat this disease. In this review, we have described the present status of epigenetic biomarkers and their clinical impacts on prostate cancer. We have also comprehensively deliberated the role of different epigenetic master regulators involved in the management of disease, appropriate treatment landscape, and the recent preclinical and ongoing clinical evaluations in prostate adenocarcinoma.