Falsos aneurismas traumáticos da artéria renal – a nossa experiência

Abstract

Introduction

Renal artery aneurysms and arteriovenous fistulae are rare, generally asymptomatic, whose clinical manifestations can be varied. Renal artery pseudoaneurysms are usually associated with previous trauma and are more likely to rupture. The indication for treatment of these lesions is not consensual, as well as the method to be used.

Material and Methods

In this study the authors have made a retrospective analysis of patients with the diagnosis of renal artery pseudoaneurysm treated in the institution in the period between 2011 and 2015, including clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and result.

Results

Six patients were treated, four male and two female, with an average age of 59 years. The inaugural clinical manifestation was macroscopic haematuria in four patients, hemodynamic instability in a patient and decrease of the hemoglobin value in another patient. In all patients, the diagnosis was made by Computed Tomography (CT) and confirmed by angiography, which was therapeutic in the same act.

Conclusion/Discussion

In all cases there was a recent history of a urological procedure, renal artery pseudoaneurysms may be considered iatrogenic lesions. With the rising number of urological interventions similar to those described in this study, it is expected a rising incidence of lesions of the renal artery or its branches, particularly pseudoaneurysms.

As it includes in most cases small intra‐parenchymal vessels, conventional surgery has few therapeutic alternatives and usually consists in nephrectomy. The endovascular treatment is the only one that can minimize the loss of kidney tissue, embolization is the preferred method. All our cases were successfully treated as clinically proven and on CT control. So in our experience, endovascular treatment was an effective method of treatment of these lesions.