Enfermedad liquenoide oral: condición premaligna emergente y controvertida

Abstract

The presence of white papules with reticular pattern is one of the most common findings in oral pathology. Classically, these lesions have been generically called oral lichen planus (OLP). This entity is a chronic inflammatory disease with an immunological basis and unknown etiology that has a predilection for perimenopausal females. The premalignant potential of OLP has been –and still is– controversial. Most studies report that malignancy occurs in less than 1% of cases. Recently, certain lesions, called oral lichenoid lesions (OLL) are considered to be those with an increased risk of malignant transformation. Consequently, knowledge of the different features of oral lichenoid disease (OLD) and its distinct subtypes is essential. In this review, we provide an update of the main clinicopathological and prognostic features of this common and controversial oral mucosal disease.