Validity of the short-form five-item Problem Area in Diabetes questionnaire as a depression screening tool in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

IF 3.2 3区 医学 Journal of Diabetes Investigation Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI:10.1111/jdi.14051
Donovan Tay, Marvin Chua, Joan Khoo
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Aims/Introduction

Depression is prevalent in diabetes patients and associated with poor outcomes, but is currently underdiagnosed, with no firm consensus on screening methods. We evaluated the validity of the short-form five-item Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID-5) questionnaire as a screening tool for depression, comparing it with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).

Materials and Methods

A total of 208 English-speaking adults with type 2 diabetes, recruited from outpatient clinics, completed the BDI-II, PHQ-9 and PAID-5 questionnaires in English. Cronbach's α was used for internal reliability. Convergent validity was examined with BDI-II and PHQ-9. Receiver operating characteristics analyses were used to identify optimal PAID-5 cut-offs for the diagnosis of depression.

Results

All three screening tools were highly reliable, with BDI-II, PHQ-9 and PAID-5 having a Cronbach's α of 0.910, 0.870 and 0.940, respectively. There was a good correlation between BDI-II and PHQ-9, with a correlation co-efficient (r) of 0.73; and a moderate correlation between PAID-5 and PHQ-9, and PAID-5 and BDI-II, with r of 0.55 and 0.55 respectively (P values <0.01). An optimal PAID-5 cut-off ≥9 corresponded to both a BDI-II cut-off >14 (sensitivity 72%, specificity 784%, area under the curve 0.809) and a PHQ-9 cut-off >10 (sensitivity 84%, specificity 74%, area under the curve 0.806). Using a PAID-5 cut-off ≥9, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 36.1%.

Conclusions

Depressive symptoms are prevalent in people with type 2 diabetes, with the degree of distress significantly related to the severity of depressive symptoms. PAID-5 is a valid and reliable screening tool, and a score ≥9 could prompt further confirmation for depression.

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糖尿病五题问卷作为2型糖尿病患者抑郁筛查工具的有效性
抑郁症在糖尿病患者中普遍存在,且与不良预后相关,但目前尚未得到充分诊断,在筛查方法上尚无坚定的共识。我们评估了简短的五项糖尿病问题领域问卷(PAID-5)作为抑郁症筛查工具的有效性,并将其与贝克抑郁量表- ii (BDI-II)和九项患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)进行了比较。材料与方法从门诊招募208例英语为母语的成人2型糖尿病患者,用英语填写BDI-II、PHQ-9和PAID-5问卷。内部信度采用Cronbach’s α。采用BDI-II和PHQ-9检测收敛效度。受试者工作特征分析用于确定抑郁症诊断的最佳PAID-5截止值。结果3种筛选工具均具有较高的可靠性,其中BDI-II、PHQ-9和PAID-5的Cronbach′s α分别为0.910、0.870和0.940。BDI-II与PHQ-9相关性较好,相关系数(r)为0.73;pai -5与PHQ-9、pai -5与BDI-II呈正相关,r分别为0.55和0.55 (P值<0.01)。最佳PAID-5临界值≥9对应于BDI-II的临界值>14(灵敏度72%,特异性784%,曲线下面积0.809)和PHQ-9的临界值>10(灵敏度84%,特异性74%,曲线下面积0.806)。采用PAID-5临界值≥9,抑郁症状的患病率为36.1%。结论2型糖尿病患者普遍存在抑郁症状,且抑郁程度与抑郁症状严重程度显著相关。pay -5是有效可靠的筛查工具,得分≥9分可提示进一步确认抑郁。
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来源期刊
Journal of Diabetes Investigation
Journal of Diabetes Investigation Medicine-Internal Medicine
自引率
9.40%
发文量
218
期刊介绍: Journal of Diabetes Investigation is your core diabetes journal from Asia; the official journal of the Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD). The journal publishes original research, country reports, commentaries, reviews, mini-reviews, case reports, letters, as well as editorials and news. Embracing clinical and experimental research in diabetes and related areas, the Journal of Diabetes Investigation includes aspects of prevention, treatment, as well as molecular aspects and pathophysiology. Translational research focused on the exchange of ideas between clinicians and researchers is also welcome. Journal of Diabetes Investigation is indexed by Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE).
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