Neurofeedback for Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Investigation of Slow Cortical Potential Neurofeedback—Preliminary Results

Abstract

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Compared to ADHD in children, only a few studies have investigated ADHD in an adult population, and even less have investigated new forms of treatment such as neurofeedback. Neurofeedback has been applied effectively in various areas, especially in the treatment of children with ADHD, and symptom improvements were associated with increased amplitude of the contingent negative variation (CNV). This study investigated if any behavioral and electrophysiological changes reflected in the CNV can be observed after 15 sessions of SCP neurofeedback training. Furthermore, a comparison of CNV amplitude in adults with ADHD and a healthy control group was conducted. Continuous 22-channel EEG was acquired from 10 adults who met DSM–IV criteria for ADHD and 8 matched healthy controls. EEG recordings were collected pre/midtreatment and included resting EEG, P300, and CNV tasks as well as ADHD beha...