Topic category: Epidemiology

Abstract

mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes S Bidel, G Hu, Q Qiao, P Jousilahti, R Antikainen, J Tuomilehto National Public Health Institute and University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Context Higher habitual coffee drinking has been associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The relation between coffee consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been examined in many studies but the issue has remained controversial. Objective To assess the association between coffee consumption and CVD mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes. Design, participants and measurement We prospectively followed 3837 randomly ascertained Finnish patients with type 2 diabetes aged 25–74 years with average follow-up of 20.8 years. Coffee consumption and other study parameters were determined at baseline using standardized measurements. The International Classification of Diseases Revisions 8, 9 and 10 were used to identify coronary heart disease (CHD), CVD and stroke cases using computerized record linkage to the national Death Registry. The associations between coffee consumption at baseline and risk of total, CVD, CHD, and stroke mortality were analyzed by using Cox proportional hazards models. Results During the average follow-up of 20.8 years, 1471 deaths were recorded, of which 909 were coded as CVD, 598 as CHD and 210 as stroke. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) in participants who drank 0–2, 3–4, 5–6, and X Ý7 cups of coffee daily were 1.00, 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65–0.91), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.58–0.80), 0.70 (95% CI, 0.59–0.85) for total mortality (P < 0.001 for trend), 1.00, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.64–0.97), 0.70 (95% CI, 0.57–0.86), 0.71 (95% CI, 0.56– 0.90) for CVD mortality (P = 0.006 for trend), 1.00, 0.78 (95% CI, 0.60– 1.01), 0.70 (95% CI, 0.54–0.90), 0.63 (95% CI, 0.47–0.84) for CHD mortality (P = 0.014 for trend), and 1.00, 0.77 (95% CI, 0.50–1.19), 0.64 (95% CI, 0.41–0.99), 0.90 (95% CI, 0.56–1.45) for stroke mortality (P = 0.12 for trend), respectively. Conclusion In this large prospective study we found that in type 2 diabetic patients coffee drinking is associated with reduced total, CVD and CHD mortality.