The Use of Wild Plants as Food in Three Adjoining Villages in Southern Burkina Faso

Y. Guigma, A. Ouédraogo, P. Zerbo, J. Millogo-Rasolodimby
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Food diversity is essential for human beings. In many small areas of sub-Saharan Africa there is no information on the use of wild plants as food. This paper aims at understanding to what extent the wild plants are used by rural people in Southern Burkina Faso villages and how they are used. Wild food plants are basis to improve local agro-biodiversity and food security. In this work an ethnobotanical survey was carried out in three adjoining villages’of southern Burkina Faso. One hundred and fifty informants (equal number of women and men) were interviewed in three villages about wild food plants and their use. The results showed that fifty eight (58) plant species are used in the wild as food. Eighty six percent (86%) of them were used frequently and 14% were used in time of famine. The utilization of wild plants for food is a part of the cultural values of the local population. They make 13 categories of food with plants. Leaves (40%) and fruits (37%) contributed mostly to food preparation than other parts of the plants. These organs were used to make a diversity of foods. Almost all (75%) the food was culinary foods. Sauces and leaves stew are the most dominant ones. The majority (97%) of the villager use water of well to cook culinary food. The inhabitants used several strategies to process plants parts to obtain food. The species which were mostly used for food preparation are Adansonia digitata L., Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth., Ceiba pentandra L., Balanites aegyptiaca L., Vitex doniana Sw. and Stylochyton hypogaeus Lepr.. The foods which come from these species have good nutritive values and could be used in large scale to solve malnutrition and alimentary diseases. These species should require most attention in natural resource management in Burkina Faso.
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在布基纳法索南部三个相邻的村庄使用野生植物作为食物
食物多样性对人类至关重要。在撒哈拉以南非洲的许多小地区,没有关于使用野生植物作为食物的信息。本文旨在了解在何种程度上野生植物被农村人民在布基纳法索南部的村庄和他们是如何使用。野生食用植物是改善当地农业生物多样性和粮食安全的基础。在这项工作中,在布基纳法索南部三个相邻的村庄进行了民族植物学调查。在三个村庄对150名举报人(男女人数相等)进行了关于野生食用植物及其使用的访谈。结果表明,在野外有58种植物被用作食物。其中86%经常使用,14%在饥荒时期使用。利用野生植物作为食物是当地居民文化价值观的一部分。他们用植物制作了13种食物。叶片(40%)和果实(37%)比植物的其他部分对食物的制备贡献最大。这些器官被用来制作各种各样的食物。几乎所有(75%)的食物都是烹饪食物。酱汁和炖菜是最主要的。大多数村民(97%)使用井水烹饪食物。居民们使用了几种策略来加工植物的部分以获取食物。主要用于食品制备的种有Adansonia digitata L., Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.)。Benth。,木棉,埃及巴兰,牡荆。和Stylochyton hypogaeus Lepr..从这些物种中提取的食物具有良好的营养价值,可大规模用于解决营养不良和消化系统疾病。这些物种应该在布基纳法索的自然资源管理中得到最大的关注。
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