The Letters and Charters of Cardinal Guala Bicchieri, Papal Legate in England, 1216-1218 ed. by Nicholas Vincent (review)

IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q2 HISTORY CATHOLIC HISTORICAL REVIEW Pub Date : 1999-10-01 DOI:10.1353/CAT.1999.0136
R. C. Figueira
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Historians have long known that Guala's activities to assist the royalist cause-for such was the job assigned him by his superiors, Popes Innocent III and Honorius III-had been considerable. Now Nicholas Vincent of Christ Church College, Canterbury, has exhaustively quarried the letters and other written notices regarding this legation, thereby contributing considerably to our understanding of the politics and diplomacy of the time as well as the relationship between the papacy and English church. The volume comprises two large parts: a sixty-four-page-long introductory essay, which reviews Guala's biography and the history of his English legation, and the ctca (letters to and from Guala. contemporary written references about him by others) relating to his mission (including appendices one and two), In the former part Vincent ranges through a comprehensive variety of topics: the nature of papal legation during the early thirteenth century, Guala's peacemaking activities in England, the legate's relations and interactions with the local episcopate and religious houses, his legitimate-albeit controversiallevying of taxes. (procurations) on individual English churches and prelates to finance his mission, his harsh punishment of those English clergy who rebelled against John and young Henry, Guala's contribution to the later practice of papal provision, the legate's judicial activities, his role as a propagator of ecclesiastical reform, his entourage and their activities. and the form and style of the epistolary documents that Guala and his clerks produced. A Lombard from Vercelli, Guala made his first recorded appearance in 1187 as cathedral canon in that city. Although he was later styled in iure civili peritissimus by all English chronicler, we know practically nothing regarding his education. Vincent suggests that Guala's subsequently attested judicial expertise and his ownership of many theological books might indicate some formal training in both law and theology Innocent III named him cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Porticu in 1205, and Guala spent the next years in a variety of curial activities, including two legatine missions (to northern Italy in 1206 and to France in 1208-09), Sometime in 1210-11 lie was promoted to cardinal-priest of S. Martino in Montibus. Guala was among the participants at Innocent's great Lateran Council, where most probably he received the pope's appointment to his English legation. In the aftermath of the extorted issue of Magna Carta and the deterioration of the political situation,John had requested that Innocent send a legate. For his part the pope urgently desired peace in England and between the French and English kings in order to rally crusading support for embattled Latin Outremer Innocent was also mindful of his role as John's feudal overlord. When the pope died in July 1216, his successor, Honorius III, maintained his predecessor's policy and reappointed Guala. The legate departed from Rome in late February, 1216; after a fruitless attempt to enlist the French King Philip II's support in restraining his son Louis from military support for rebellious English barons, Guala finally arrived in England on May 20. As the civil war intensified and Louis invaded the kingdom with a French army, the legate acted forcefully as the leading clerical supporter of the royalist cause. …","PeriodicalId":44384,"journal":{"name":"CATHOLIC HISTORICAL REVIEW","volume":"16 1","pages":"614 - 618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2000,"publicationDate":"1999-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/CAT.1999.0136","citationCount":"2","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"CATHOLIC HISTORICAL REVIEW","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1353/CAT.1999.0136","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"HISTORY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2

Abstract

The Letters and Charters of Cardinal G1,tala Bicchieri, Papal Legate in England, 1216-1218. Edited by Nicholas Vincent. [The Canterbury and York Society, Volume LXXXIII.] (Rochester, New York: The Boydell Press. 1996. Pp. xcvi, 193, $45.00.) The thirty-month-long legatine mission to England of Guala Bicchieri certainly coincided with political events of considerable consequence: the deepening of baronial revolt against King John, foreign invasion by the rebels' ally (Louis of France, the future Louis VIII), John's death and his son Henry's disputed succession, the creation of a viable minority government for the new child-king, royalist victory in the ensuing civil war, and the pacification of the country. Historians have long known that Guala's activities to assist the royalist cause-for such was the job assigned him by his superiors, Popes Innocent III and Honorius III-had been considerable. Now Nicholas Vincent of Christ Church College, Canterbury, has exhaustively quarried the letters and other written notices regarding this legation, thereby contributing considerably to our understanding of the politics and diplomacy of the time as well as the relationship between the papacy and English church. The volume comprises two large parts: a sixty-four-page-long introductory essay, which reviews Guala's biography and the history of his English legation, and the ctca (letters to and from Guala. contemporary written references about him by others) relating to his mission (including appendices one and two), In the former part Vincent ranges through a comprehensive variety of topics: the nature of papal legation during the early thirteenth century, Guala's peacemaking activities in England, the legate's relations and interactions with the local episcopate and religious houses, his legitimate-albeit controversiallevying of taxes. (procurations) on individual English churches and prelates to finance his mission, his harsh punishment of those English clergy who rebelled against John and young Henry, Guala's contribution to the later practice of papal provision, the legate's judicial activities, his role as a propagator of ecclesiastical reform, his entourage and their activities. and the form and style of the epistolary documents that Guala and his clerks produced. A Lombard from Vercelli, Guala made his first recorded appearance in 1187 as cathedral canon in that city. Although he was later styled in iure civili peritissimus by all English chronicler, we know practically nothing regarding his education. Vincent suggests that Guala's subsequently attested judicial expertise and his ownership of many theological books might indicate some formal training in both law and theology Innocent III named him cardinal-deacon of S. Maria in Porticu in 1205, and Guala spent the next years in a variety of curial activities, including two legatine missions (to northern Italy in 1206 and to France in 1208-09), Sometime in 1210-11 lie was promoted to cardinal-priest of S. Martino in Montibus. Guala was among the participants at Innocent's great Lateran Council, where most probably he received the pope's appointment to his English legation. In the aftermath of the extorted issue of Magna Carta and the deterioration of the political situation,John had requested that Innocent send a legate. For his part the pope urgently desired peace in England and between the French and English kings in order to rally crusading support for embattled Latin Outremer Innocent was also mindful of his role as John's feudal overlord. When the pope died in July 1216, his successor, Honorius III, maintained his predecessor's policy and reappointed Guala. The legate departed from Rome in late February, 1216; after a fruitless attempt to enlist the French King Philip II's support in restraining his son Louis from military support for rebellious English barons, Guala finally arrived in England on May 20. As the civil war intensified and Louis invaded the kingdom with a French army, the legate acted forcefully as the leading clerical supporter of the royalist cause. …
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《1216-1218年教皇驻英国公使瓜拉·比基耶里红衣主教的书信和宪章》,尼古拉斯·文森特编著(回顾)
红衣主教G1的书信和宪章,tala Bicchieri,教皇在英国的使节,1216-1218。尼古拉斯·文森特编辑。[坎特伯雷和约克学会,第LXXXIII卷。]罗切斯特,纽约:博伊德尔出版社,1996。Pp. xvi, 1993, $45.00。)瓜拉·比基耶里对英国长达30个月的使节之旅,无疑与一系列重大政治事件同时发生:男爵们对约翰国王的反抗日益加深,叛军盟友(法国的路易,未来的路易八世)的对外入侵,约翰的去世及其儿子亨利的继承争议,为新儿童国王建立了一个可行的少数派政府,保皇党在随后的内战中取得胜利,以及国家的平定。历史学家早就知道瓜拉协助保皇党事业的活动是相当可观的,因为这是他的上司,教皇英诺森三世和奥诺留斯三世指派给他的工作。现在,坎特伯雷基督教堂学院的尼古拉斯·文森特(Nicholas Vincent)详尽地搜集了有关这个公使馆的信件和其他书面通知,从而对我们理解当时的政治和外交以及教皇和英国教会之间的关系做出了很大贡献。这本书由两大部分组成:一篇64页长的介绍性文章,回顾了瓜拉的传记和他的英国公使馆的历史;另一篇是瓜拉的来信。在前一部分中,文森特涉及了各种各样的主题:13世纪早期教皇公使馆的性质,瓜拉在英国的和平活动,公使馆与当地主教和宗教机构的关系和互动,他合法的(尽管有争议的)税收。为资助他的传教,他对那些反叛约翰和年轻亨利的英国神职人员的严厉惩罚,瓜拉对后来教皇条款的实践的贡献,使节的司法活动,他作为教会改革传播者的角色,他的随从和他们的活动。以及瓜拉和他的书记员制作的书信体文件的形式和风格。瓜拉是来自维切利的伦巴第人,1187年,瓜拉作为该市大教堂的正典首次出现。虽然他后来被所有的英国编年史家称为“平民文学”(iure civili peritissimus),但我们对他的教育知之甚少。文森特认为瓜拉后来被证实的司法专业知识和他拥有的许多神学书籍可能表明他在法律和神学方面接受了一些正式的训练。英诺森三世于1205年任命他为波尔蒂库圣玛丽亚的红衣执事,瓜拉在接下来的几年里参加了各种各样的教会活动,包括两次公使任务(1206年到意大利北部,1208-09年到法国),1210-11年的某个时候,他被提升为蒙提布斯圣马蒂诺的红衣主教。瓜拉是英诺森大拉特兰会议的参与者之一,在那里他很可能接受了教皇对他的英国公使馆的任命。在《大宪章》问题被勒索和政治局势恶化之后,约翰要求英诺森派一名使节。就教皇而言,他迫切希望英格兰和英法两国国王之间实现和平,以争取十字军对陷入困境的拉丁人的支持,诺森特也注意到自己作为约翰的封建领主的角色。当教皇于1216年7月去世时,他的继任者霍诺里乌斯三世(Honorius III)维持了他前任的政策,重新任命瓜拉。使团于1216年2月底离开罗马;瓜拉试图争取法国国王菲利普二世的支持,以限制他的儿子路易对反叛的英国男爵的军事支持,但没有成功,最终于5月20日抵达英国。随着内战愈演愈烈,路易带着法国军队入侵王国,这位使臣作为保皇党事业的主要神职人员支持者,采取了强有力的行动。...
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