{"title":"Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride","authors":"E. Arrigoni-Martelli","doi":"10.1358/dof.1995.020.10.318979","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Acetyl-L-carnitine is a derivative of carnitine that enables functions of CoA and plays a significant role in the maintenance of energy homeostasis. Acetyl-L-carnitine exhibits antidepressant, neuroprotective, analgesic, and antinociceptive activities. In vivo, acetyl-L-carnitine acetylates p65, inducing NF-κB-mediated upregulation of mGluR2 receptors. In neuron-like PC12 cells, acetyl-L-carnitine inhibits 3-NPA-produced cellular stress responses and neurotoxicity. Acetyl-L-carnitine normalizes brain levels of neurotrophic factors such as NGF, GDNF, and artemin in animal models of neuropathy. Additionally, acetyl-L-carnitine exhibits some degree of antinociceptive benefit through indirect modulation of M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). In cellular models of Alzheimer’s disease, this compound also stimulates α-secretase activity and metabolism of amyloid precursor protein (APP).","PeriodicalId":11366,"journal":{"name":"Drugs of The Future","volume":"20 1","pages":"991"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2000,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Drugs of The Future","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1358/dof.1995.020.10.318979","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Acetyl-L-carnitine is a derivative of carnitine that enables functions of CoA and plays a significant role in the maintenance of energy homeostasis. Acetyl-L-carnitine exhibits antidepressant, neuroprotective, analgesic, and antinociceptive activities. In vivo, acetyl-L-carnitine acetylates p65, inducing NF-κB-mediated upregulation of mGluR2 receptors. In neuron-like PC12 cells, acetyl-L-carnitine inhibits 3-NPA-produced cellular stress responses and neurotoxicity. Acetyl-L-carnitine normalizes brain levels of neurotrophic factors such as NGF, GDNF, and artemin in animal models of neuropathy. Additionally, acetyl-L-carnitine exhibits some degree of antinociceptive benefit through indirect modulation of M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). In cellular models of Alzheimer’s disease, this compound also stimulates α-secretase activity and metabolism of amyloid precursor protein (APP).
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