The characteristics and emissions of low-pressure densified torrefied elephant dung fuel briquette

Artidtaya Mainkaew, S. Kaewluan, A. Pattiya, S. Jansri
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Abstract

Elephant dung is the camp's undigested fiber waste. For more effective waste management, the conversion of dung to torrefied solid and the formation of solid torrefied into fuel briquettes, as well as their properties, were investigated. The dung was improved through torrefaction at 280ºC for 150 sec in a pilot-scale reactor with a feeding rate of 600 g/h. The torrefied elephant dung had 17 MJ/kg of HHV, a solid yield of 79%, and a fixed carbon content of 20%. A mixture of torrefied dung, binder, and water was compressed at 40 bars to a density of 860 kg/m3, or 12 GJ/m3. Their H/C and O/C atomic ratios were in the range of typical biomass. However, due to their moisture content of over 7%, the HHV of the fuel briquettes was below 17 MJ/kg. Moreover, their thermal efficiency was less than 7% due to durability issues, despite having a great fuel ratio and thermal stability. The combustion of these briquettes resulted in less than 850 ppm of CO. To improve the combustibility of this solid biofuel, it is recommended to develop a production process and a suitable stove specifically for these briquettes.
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低压致密化碳化象粪燃料型煤的特性及排放
大象粪便是营地未消化的纤维废物。为了更有效地管理废物,研究了将粪便转化为碳化固体和将固体碳化成燃料型煤的过程,以及它们的性质。在中试反应器中,以600 g/h的加料速率,在280℃下焙烧150秒,对粪进行了改良。固化大象粪便的HHV为17 MJ/kg,固体产率为79%,固定碳含量为20%。碳化粪、粘合剂和水的混合物在40巴的压力下被压缩到密度为860 kg/m3,或12 GJ/m3。H/C和O/C原子比均在典型生物量范围内。但由于含湿量大于7%,燃料型煤的HHV低于17 MJ/kg。此外,由于耐久性问题,它们的热效率低于7%,尽管具有很高的燃料比和热稳定性。这些型煤的燃烧产生的CO含量低于850ppm。为了提高这种固体生物燃料的可燃性,建议开发专门用于这些型煤的生产工艺和合适的炉子。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
16.00%
发文量
83
审稿时长
8 weeks
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