Mineral Waters of the Eastern Ukraine

Abstract

This article considers the distribution, formation, and chemical composition of mineral waters of the Eastern region of Ukraine, and, in particular, Donetsk, Luhansk, and Kharkiv regions. The main types of mineral waters, most characteristic of the Eastern region of Ukraine, are determined. Their formation and distribution are considered. Manifestations of ferrous, bromine, boron and iodine waters have been studied in this region, which significantly expands hydromineral and balneological resources. The application of ferrous mineral waters to organisms exposed to radiation has been studied. Since one of the consequences of radiation damage is a violation of oxidative homeostasis, the effect of ferrous mineral waters on the course of free radical processes in the body was studied. The peculiarities of the organic composition and biological properties of Berezivsky mineral waters have been studied to identify them as Naftusya-type waters. It is established that Berezivsky mineral waters do not have a pronounced radiomodifier effect. They are inhibitors of the enzymatic activity of catalase — a key regulator of oxidative metabolism, which leads to a deterioration in the vital functions of the body after irradiation. According to the obtained data of mass spectra, active organic substances of different classes, which are part of mineral waters of the Naftusya type, differ from organic substances of Berezivsky mineral waters, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Therefore, Berezivsky mineral waters cannot be referred to as the class of mineral waters of the Naftusya type. Some studies were also conducted and an array of statistics was obtained, which showed that the mineral waters of the Podilsk region, Naftusya and Berezivsky waters have pesticide concentrations less than 0.01 ng/dm3, i.e. 10 000 times lower than their permissible concentrations according to international standards. This confirms the possibility of widespread use and export of Ukrainian mineral waters, which is of national importance. Prospects for the development and use of mineral waters in the Eastern region are shown.