Venous Thrombosis in a Child with Burkitt Lymphoma Receiving Chemotherapy: A Clinical Case

Abstract

Background. Venous thrombosis is extremely rare in children of early age; however, it occurs as a frequent and serious complication in children with hemoblastosis. The phenomenon is basically caused by the imbalance of blood coagulation system associated with the main disease, prolonged use of the central venous catheter, and polychemotherapy; hereditary predisposition contributes to the development of the complication as well. Clinical Case Description. A 12-year-old patient B. was diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma. During chemotherapeutic treatment, the thrombosis of right internal jugular vein and right subclavian vein was registered. The thrombosis recurrence was observed at the end of specific therapy. The family history was burdened by cardiovascular and oncological diseases, consequently we performed the molecular-genetic analysis to reveal the presence of allelic variants associated with thrombophilia in the genes F2, F5, F9, F13A1, HABP2, HCF2, HRG, MTHFR, PLAT, PROC, PROS1, SERPINC1, THBD. The F5 gene Leiden mutation (c.1601G>A) in heterozygous state and intronic variant in the PROC gene encoding protein C (c.-21-37G>A) were revealed. The pharmacogenetic testing was conducted to personalize an ticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy.Conclusion. The detection of genetic risk factors for inherited thrombophilia is vital for early diagnostics of thrombotic complications in patients on chemotherapy. Key