Genetic study in Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) from Londrina (Paraná State, Brazil): an approach to population structure and pyrethroid resistance
Thayná Bisson Ferraz Lopes, Tafarel Ribeiro Amaro, Bianca Piraccini Silva, J. A. C. Zequi, G. Vilas-Bôas, M. A. N. Silva, B. Vilas-Boas, R. da Rosa
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引用次数: 2
Abstract
Londrina is the fourth most populous city in southern Brazil. Its subtropical weather with rain in all seasons, as well as its high population density, make the city perfect for the Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) life cycle. Over the last few years, Londrina presented high infestation indexes and was one of the cities with the most reported cases of dengue. Uncontrolled use of synthetic insecticides may influence the mosquito’s genetic composition. In this paper, we studied mitochondrial DNA and kdr mutations in Aedes aegypti. The analysis of the ND4 gene in 330 specimens showed the presence of 27 haplotypes. The pyrethroid resistance alleles (kdr) evaluated are present in the collected populations, with a 50% frequency of the Val1016Ile and 48% of the Phe1534Cys mutations. Such analysis of the mutations in the populations collected at the State University of Londrina’s campus – a microenvironment that differs from the rest of the city – showed frequencies of 57% and 62%, respectively. The low gene flow observed, Nm = 0.11 and Nm = 0.10, along with the elevated differentiation, Fst = 0.19 and Fst = 0.18, among populations suggest an influence of genetic drift. The strong presence of resistance alleles kdr in the city is evident, which demonstrates that even with the interruption of the use of pyrethroids by the National Dengue Control Program, resistance may be maintained due to domestic use. Thus, the results have shown the need for genetic monitoring, alongside other entomological surveillance monitoring tools, to create strategies of mosquito control. A R T I C L E I N F O Article history: Received 21 August 2020 Accepted 02 January 2021 Associate Editor: Maria Sallum
隆德里纳是巴西南部第四大人口城市。它的亚热带气候四季降雨,以及它的高人口密度,使这个城市成为埃及伊蚊(Linnaeus, 1762)生命周期的完美场所。在过去几年中,伦敦呈现出较高的感染指数,是报告登革热病例最多的城市之一。不加控制地使用合成杀虫剂可能影响蚊子的基因组成。本文对埃及伊蚊线粒体DNA和kdr突变进行了研究。对330份样本的ND4基因分析显示存在27个单倍型。所评估的拟除虫菊酯抗性等位基因(kdr)在收集的人群中存在,Val1016Ile突变频率为50%,Phe1534Cys突变频率为48%。在隆德里纳州立大学校园(一个与城市其他地方不同的微环境)收集的人群中,这种突变分析显示,频率分别为57%和62%。种群间的低基因流(Nm = 0.11和Nm = 0.10)和高分化(Fst = 0.19和Fst = 0.18)表明遗传漂变的影响。该城市明显存在强烈的抗性等位基因kdr,这表明即使国家登革热控制规划停止使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂,由于家庭使用,抗性仍可能维持。因此,研究结果表明,除了其他昆虫学监测工具外,还需要基因监测来制定蚊虫控制策略。A R T I C L E I N F O文章历史:接收2020年8月21日接收2021年1月02日副主编:Maria Sallum