Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) of body composition in patients with cystic fibrosis

Abstract

Nutritional status is associated to lung function and survival. Body mass index (BMI) is used to determine nutritional status, last studies of the body composition show that the most informative indicators correlated with lung function are data about body composition, the ratio of fat and fat-free body mass. In Russian Federation the body composition of children with cystic fibrosis is poorly studied. Objective. To assess the body composition before starting targeted therapy in children with cystic fibrosis Patients and methods. 103 children aged 5 to 17 years were examined. The median age of the children is 12 ± 5 years. Male – 47 (45.6%), female – 53 (53%). The children were divided into 3 groups: 1 group – BMI ≥50 percentile, 2 group – BMI <50 > 10 percentile, 3 group – BMI ≤10 percentile. In the studied groups were analysed: anthropometric indicators, nutritional status, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), external respiration function. Cross-sectional study design. Conclusion. Patients with cystic fibrosis may have high risk of developing sarcopenia with normal level of BMI ( progressive and generalised skeletal muscle disorder involving the accelerated loss of muscle mass and function ). Measurement of body composition, including data of the lean body mass ratio, insufficiency of the protein in the diet and the entire energy metabolism, will improve the nutritional status of children, reduce the risk of respiratory and metabolic complications in patients with cystic fibrosis. Kewords: bioimpedance, body composition, children, cystic fibrosis, metabolism, fat-free body weight, body fat mass, body mass cell, phase angle