Effects of malnutrition on length of stay in patients hospitalized in an acute psychiatric ward

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI:10.1111/acps.13598

Anna Giménez-Palomo, Susana Gomes-da-Costa, Roger Borràs, M. T. Pons-Cabrera, Antonio Doncel-Moriano, Néstor Arbelo, Pere Leyes, Maria Forga, Manuel Mateu-Salat, Pedro Miguel Pereira-Fernandes, Antonio Benabarre, Isabella Pacchiarotti, Eduard Vieta

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Abstract

Introduction

Psychiatric patients are considered at risk for malnutrition due to pharmacological treatments, lifestyle habits and the mental illness by itself. Even though metabolic risk factors have been related to worse outcomes in certain conditions, the evidence regarding the nutritional status and its impact on the length of stay in psychiatric inpatients is scarce. This study aims to characterize the nutritional status in acute psychiatric patients, to correlate it with the length of stay, and to find specific potential indicators of malnutrition.

Methods

Adult patients admitted to the Hospital Clínic of Barcelona acute psychiatric ward throughout a 1-year period were included in this cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were registered, including length of stay and the nutritional status measured with the CONUT score.

Results

Malnutrition was observed in 42.5% of patients. Plasmatic transferrin saturation, protein and iron levels were inversely correlated with length of stay, having low iron levels an association with longer hospitalizations. The length of stay was not influenced by diagnosis or treatment. Negative correlations with the nutritional status were found in: BMI, cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin, total proteins, prealbumin, iron, lymphocytes and zinc levels, and transferrin saturation. The multivariate analysis showed a significant association for cholesterol and zinc levels, lymphocyte count, and BMI.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that nutritional status might influence the course of psychiatric admissions. Cholesterol and zinc levels, lymphocyte count, and BMI might be factors strongly associated with malnutrition. This consideration might allow the identification of profiles in which lifestyle interventions could be implemented.

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营养不良对急性精神病房病人住院时间的影响

由于药物治疗、生活习惯和精神疾病本身，精神病人被认为有营养不良的危险。尽管在某些情况下，代谢风险因素与较差的结果有关，但关于营养状况及其对精神病住院患者住院时间的影响的证据很少。本研究旨在描述急性精神病患者的营养状况，将其与住院时间联系起来，并找到营养不良的具体潜在指标。方法选取巴塞罗那医院Clínic急性精神科住院1年的成年患者进行横断面研究。登记社会人口学和临床变量，包括住院时间和用CONUT评分测量的营养状况。结果42.5%的患者出现营养不良。血浆转铁蛋白饱和度、蛋白质和铁水平与住院时间呈负相关，铁水平低与住院时间更长相关。住院时间不受诊断或治疗的影响。与营养状况呈负相关的有:BMI、胆固醇、甘油三酯、白蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白前、铁、淋巴细胞和锌水平以及转铁蛋白饱和度。多变量分析显示胆固醇和锌水平、淋巴细胞计数和BMI有显著相关性。结论营养状况可能影响精神病患者的入院过程。胆固醇和锌水平、淋巴细胞计数和BMI可能是与营养不良密切相关的因素。这一考虑可能有助于确定可以实施生活方式干预的概况。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

11.20

自引率

3.00%

发文量

135

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica acts as an international forum for the dissemination of information advancing the science and practice of psychiatry. In particular we focus on communicating frontline research to clinical psychiatrists and psychiatric researchers. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica has traditionally been and remains a journal focusing predominantly on clinical psychiatry, but translational psychiatry is a topic of growing importance to our readers. Therefore, the journal welcomes submission of manuscripts based on both clinical- and more translational (e.g. preclinical and epidemiological) research. When preparing manuscripts based on translational studies for submission to Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, the authors should place emphasis on the clinical significance of the research question and the findings. Manuscripts based solely on preclinical research (e.g. animal models) are normally not considered for publication in the Journal.