Flower and fire altar: fact and fiction on the Barm-i Dilak rock reliefs

Abstract

The Sasanian rock reliefs at Barm-i Dilak are known in western literature since the 17 th century but their interpretation still remains a matter of debate. Crucial in their understanding is the correct identification of the iconography. At Barm-i Dilak I a man presents a flower to a woman. The identification of the flower is, however, still debated. It is now identified as the flower of an iris, possibly the Iris persicus. Barm-i Dilak II represents Bahram II and a dignitary flanking a rock fissure. Erdmann suggested in 1950 the presence of a sculpted fire altar between the two men. This theory, still repeated in recent literature, is evaluated. There is no fire altar on the Barm-i Dilak relief.