Modern state of irrigated soils at the south of the Volga upland

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva Pub Date : 2020-12-03 DOI:10.19047/0136-1694-2020-104-68-109
E. Zinchenko, I. Gorokhova, N. Kruglyakova, N. Khitrov
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

The goal is to assess the impact of 50-year irrigation by sprinkling on soil processes occurring in the light-chestnut soils (Luvic Kastanozem (Loamic, Aric, Protosodic, Bathysalic)) of the southern slopes of the Volga upland at the Volga-Don interfluve (FSUE “Oroshaemoe”, the Volgograd region) with deep ground water. Water for irrigation is supplied from the Varvarovsky reservoir of the Volga-Don Canal system. It is characterized by a total dissolved salts of about 1 g/l, a bicarbonate-chloride-sulfate compositionwith an increased sodium content. Detailed morphological description of soil profiles, granulometric composition, content of soluble salts in soils and sediments of the vadoze zone up to the depth of 3.5 m, dynamics of salts in the layer of 0-50 cm for 2011-2019 are presented. Until the autumn of 2015, the studied soils were deep saline, being no saline in the layer of 0-100 cm. In recent years, a weak salinity degree of soda-chloride sodium chemistry has been observed in the 0-50 cm layer as a result of gradual accumulation of irrigation water salts during irrigation organized according to water consumption of agricultural crops. Irrigated soils have acquired a complex of signs of secondary salinity: (1) the presence of light accumulations of sandy and silt mineral grains in the arable horizon, resulting from the destructive effect of irrigation water drops during sprinkling; (2) toxic alkalinity associated with sodium (residual sodium carbonate), according to water extraction 1 : 5 (soil : water), in the horizons from the depth of 10-20 to 60100 cm; (3) abundant humus-clay cutans on the lateral side faces of prismatic structural units in the undisturbed part of the soil profile from 30 to 100 cm.
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伏尔加河高地南部灌溉土壤的现代状况
目标是评估50年灌溉对发生在伏尔加河-顿河流域(FSUE“Oroshaemoe”,伏尔加格勒地区)的浅栗色土壤(Luvic Kastanozem (Loamic, Aric, Protosodic, Bathysalic))的土壤过程的影响。灌溉用水由伏尔加河-顿河运河系统的瓦尔瓦洛夫斯基水库提供。其特点是总溶解盐约为1g /l,碳酸氢盐-氯化物-硫酸盐组成物,钠含量增加。详细描述了2011-2019年雾霾带3.5 m深度土壤剖面形态、颗粒组成、土壤和沉积物中可溶性盐含量、0-50 cm层盐动态。直到2015年秋季,所研究的土壤为深盐渍化土壤,0-100 cm土层无盐渍化土壤。近年来,在0-50 cm层观测到氯化钠化学的弱盐度,这是根据农作物耗水量组织灌溉过程中灌溉水盐逐渐积累的结果。灌溉土壤具有复杂的次生盐渍化迹象:(1)在可耕层上存在砂质和粉质矿物颗粒的轻度堆积,这是由于喷灌过程中滴灌的破坏作用造成的;(2)有毒碱度伴生钠(残余碳酸钠),按水提取1:5(土:水),在视界深度为10-20 ~ 60100 cm;(3)在30 ~ 100 cm土壤剖面未受扰动部分,棱柱状结构单元侧面有丰富的腐殖质-粘土刻痕。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
15
审稿时长
8 weeks
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