A SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL (SAN) VEM SOFRENDO RESTRIÇÕES PELA PRODUÇÃO DE BIOCOMBUSTÍVEIS? UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DO MODELO DE ZOCKUN

Abstract

This paper discusses the impacts of biofuel production on food production and on Brazilian food and nutritional security (FNS) from 1996 to 2016. An analysis based on the Zockun model, which evaluates the effects of scale and replacement. The results show that the production of biofuels, specifically ethanol, does not threaten the production of sugarcane for consumption and, similarly, the production of biodiesel does not compromise the production of vegetable oils and animal fats. When evaluating the relationship between sugarcane and ethanol, and soybean with biodiesel, the two crops are showing a significant scale effect, meaning that there is a significant increase in cultivated areas. It is concluded that there are limits in the Zockun model for the analysis of this research, although the results allow a general indication of the changes of productive reconversion. Food and nutritional security, considering its quantitative and food diversification, qualitative and accessibility aspects, may be constrained in the light of the conceptual framework of the FNS.