Pertumbuhan Tanaman Semusim dan Manglid (Magnolia champaca) pada Pola Agroforestry

Abstract

Lahan kering yang kritis dapat direhabilitasi dengan menerapkan pola agroforestri. Lahan kering mempunyai masalah dengan kesuburan yang rendah serta rentan erosi. Agroforestri dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan penanaman sekaligus mendukung upaya swasembada pangan. Pemilihan jenis tanaman akan meningkatkan keberhasilan penanaman sekaligus memperoleh hasil antara bagi petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas masing-masing jenis tanaman penyusun pada sistem agroforestri manglid. Pengamatan menggunakan eksperimental design dengan membuat plot percobaan penanaman manglid dan tanaman semusim jenis kedelai dan jagung. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan percobaan acak lengkap kelompok (RCBD) yang terdiri dari perlakuan jarak tanam manglid yaitu: 3 mx3 m (J1), 3 mx 4 m (J2), 3 mx 5 m (13), 3 mx 6 m (J4). Setiap perlakuan, terdiri dari 42 tanaman (7x6) serta 3 ulangan, sehingga total tanaman manglid sebanyak 504 tanaman. Tanaman kedelai ditanam selang-seling dengan jagung. Kedelai ditanam dilarikan manglid sedangkan jagung ditanam di antara tanaman manglid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jarak tanam manglid belum memberikan perbedaan pertumbuhan sampai umur 9 bulan. Tanaman kedelai yang ditanam dalam larikan tanaman pokok masih mampu memberikan produktivitas 0,190-0,529 ton/ha, jagung yang ditanam di antara tanaman manglid mampu memberikan produktivitas tertinggi sebesar 1,224 ton/ha. Pola agroforestri yang memberikan pendapatan tertinggi bagi petani diperoleh pada pola tanam manglid+jagung manis+kedelai dengan jarak tanam 3m x 6m.Plant Growth of Crop and Manglid Species (Magnolia champaca) on the Agroforestry PatternAbstractCritical dry land can be rehabilitated by applying agroforestry patterns. Dry land has problems with low fertility and susceptible to erosion. Agroforestry can increase the success of planting as well as support food self-sufficiency efforts. Selection of crops will increase the success of planting as well as to obtain intermediate results for farmers. This study aimed to determine the productivity of each plant species on the manglid agroforestry system. The observations used experimental design by making experimental plots of manglid planting and crops of soybean and maize species. The study used a complete Randomized Block Design (RCBD) consisting of treatment of manglid spacing:3 mx3 m (J1), 3 mx 4 m (J2), 3 mx 5 m (53), 3 mx 6 m (14). Each treatment consisted of 42 plants (7x6) and 3 replications, yielding a total of 504 manglid plants. Soybean crops was planted alternately with corn. Soybeans were grown in manglid while corn was planted among manglid plants. The results showed that treatment of manglid plant spacing did not show a difference growth until the age of 9 months. Soybean crops grown in the staple of staple crops were still able to provide productivity of 0.190-0.529 ton/ha, maize grown among manglid crops was able to provide the highest productivity of 1,224 ton/ha. Agroforestry pattern that gives the highest income for farmers was obtained on the pattern of planting manglid + sweet corn+soybean with plant spacing of 3m x 6m.