Algoritmos bioinspirados para optimizar el contenido de armónicos de un inversor de potencia PWM

Abstract

This paper deals with the evaluation of different bio-inspired algorithms techniques for reduction of harmonic distortion (THD) in pulse width modulation (PWM) of power inverters. A comprehensive study is performed, that identifies and develops biologically inspired optimization algorithms based mainly on tabu search, genetic algorithms (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and ant colony optimization (ACO). These bio-inspired optimization methods were used to find the best operational parameters of a PWM applied to a power inverter. The best results were achieved when the pulse position is near to the middle position (Pp=0.5) or symmetry of the pulse. For the four methods analyzed he best result was obtained using ACO method based on the lowest THD content and less 5th and 7th harmonics magnitude with fewer pulses (Np=38), almost 5 times lower than the result of PSO (Np=179). It was achieved to reduce losses considerably with a reduction in the switching frequency of the power devices (4560 Hz). The algorithms developed can be easily adapted to any minimization problem, only making changes in the number of variables and selection (or elimination) criteria to obtain better results in complex problems.