Relación entre estrés laboral, alucinación y experiencias anómalas entre profesionales de enfermería

Abstract

Objetivo: evaluar el tipo y frecuencia de experiencias perceptuales inusuales en ambitos hospitalarios, asi como su relacion con el estres laboral y la absorcion, y comparar tales experiencias en enfermeros (os) que las han tenido. Materiales y Metodos : se analizo una muestra de 39 enfermeros (as)  con tales experiencias y un grupo control de 61 profesionales (sin experiencias). Las enfermeros (as) completaron cuatro instrumentos: la Encuesta de Experiencias Anomalo/Paranormales en Enfermeras y Trabajadores de la Salud, el Maslach Burnout Inventory que mide el estres laboral, el Cuestionario de Experiencias Alucinatorias que evalua la propension a la alucinacion y la Escala de Absorcion de Tellegen que evalua el grado de involucramiento en la percepcion. Resultados: los profesionales que reportaron tales experiencias no tendian a experimentar mayor estres laboral, en comparacion con un grupo control, en contra de la principal hipotesis; sin embargo, mostraron mayor frecuencia experiencias perceptivas anomalas asociadas a la capacidad de absorcion psicologica, que resulto el principal predictor entre enfermeras con experiencia y el grupo control [β= 0,33, p = 0,005; R 2 = 0,12] combinando estres laboral y propension a la alucinacion. Conclusion : el analisis estadistico confirma que los profesionales de enfermeria que reportan experiencias perceptuales inusuales, tienden a mostrar mayor absorcion psicologica, de igual forma, mayor propension a alucinar; sin embargo, ninguna de estas variables se relaciona con el estres laboral. El turno de noche es el mas propenso a estas experiencias.  PALABRAS CLAVE : estres laboral, enfermeria, parapsicologia, percepcion extrasensorial. Relationship between work stress, hallucination and abnormal experiences among nursing professionals ABSTRACT Objective: evaluate the type and frequency of unusual perceptual experiences in hospital areas, as well as its relationship with work stress and absorption, and compare such experiences in nurses who have had. Materials and Methods: a sample of 39 nurses with such experiences and a control group of 61 professionals (without experiences) were analyzed. The nurses completed four instruments: The Survey of Abnormal/Paranormal Experiences in Nurses and Health Workers, the Maslach Burnout Inventory that measures work stress, the Questionnaire of Hallucinatory Experiences that evaluates the tendency of hallucinating, and the Tellegen Absorption Scale that assesses the degree of involvement in perception. Results: the professionals that reported such experiences did not tend to experience major work stress, in comparison to a control group, in opposition to the first hypothesis; however, they showed more frequency to abnormal perceptual experiences associated with the capacity of psychological absorption, which resulted in the main predictor between nurses with experience and the control group [β= 0,33, p= 0,005; R2= 0,12] combining work stress and tendency of hallucination. Conclusion: the statistical analysis confirms that the nursing professionals that report unusual perceptual experiences, tend to show a greater psychological absorption, likewise, a greater tendency to hallucinate; however, none of these variables is related with work stress. The night shift is the most prone to these experiences.  KEYWORDS: burnout professional, nursing, parapsychology, extrasensory perception. Relacao entre estresse de trabalho, alucinacao e experiencias anomalas entre professionais de enfermagem RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o tipo e frequencia de experiencias perceptuais incomuns em âmbitos hospitalarios, assim como sua relacao com o estresse de trabalho e a absorcao, e comparar tais experiencias em enfermeiras (os) que tiveram. Materiais e Metodos : analisou-se uma amostra de 39 enfermeiras (os) com tais experiencias e um grupo controle de 61 professionais (inexperientes). As enfermeiras (os) completaram quatro instrumentos: a Pesquisa de Experiencias Anomalo/Paranormais em Enfermeiras e Trabalhadores da Saude, o Maslach Burnout Inventory que mede o estresse de trabalho, o Questionario de Experiencias Alucinatorias que avalia a propensao a alucinacao e a Escala de Absorcao de Tellegen que avalia o grau de envolvimento na percepcao. Resultados: os professionais que reportaram tais experiencias nao tenderam a experimentar maior estresse de trabalho, em comparacao com um grupo controle, contra a hipotese principal; porem, mostraram maior frequencia de experiencias perceptivas anomalas associadas a capacidade de absorcao psicologica, que resultou o principal preditor entre enfermeiras com experiencia e o grupo controle [β= 0,33, p = 0,005; R 2 = 0,12] combinando estresse de trabalho e propensao a alucinacao. Conclusoes : a analise estadistica confirma que os professionais de enfermagem que reportam experiencias perceptuais incomuns, tendem a mostrar maior absorcao psicologica; de igual maneira, maior propensao a alucinar; no entanto, nenhuma destas variaveis se relaciona com o estresse de trabalho. O turno da noite e o mais propenso a esse tipo de experiencia. PALAVRAS-CHAVE : esgotamento profissional, enfermagem, parapsicologia, percepcao extra-sensorial.