A discussion of up-flow springs

IF 1.7 4区地球科学 Q3 WATER RESOURCES Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI:10.26599/jgse.2016.9280031

Zhou Xun, Xiaocui Wang, C. Qin, Long Mi, Yu-hui Zheng, G. Juan, Xiao-wei Shen, Yu-qi Zhang, Ming-ming Ta, Xiang-fei Cui

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Based on their genesis, springs are commonly classified as depression spring, contact spring, overflow spring and fault spring, etc. In addition, a kind of springs, i.e., up-flow spring, can be found in the field. An aquifer is overlain by poorly-permeable unconsolidated sediments or relatively impervious formations. If the hydraulic head of the aquifer is higher than the land surface, groundwater may flow up to the ground surface through the local portion of the overlying aquicludes where the permeability is relatively good, and emerges as an up-flow spring. The common characteristics of an up-flow spring are discussed and summarized in this paper, and some examples of the up-flow springs are also given. Up-flow springs can flow up through local permeable zones in the overlying aquicludes rather than permeable faults. Although they cannot be found as frequently as depression springs, contact springs, overflow springs and fault springs etc., yet up-flow springs may occur in the form of normal-temperature springs, hot springs and salt springs.

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关于上流弹簧的讨论

根据其成因，一般将弹簧分为坳陷弹簧、接触弹簧、溢流弹簧和断层弹簧等。此外，现场还发现了一种弹簧，即上行弹簧。含水层上覆盖着渗透性差的松散沉积物或相对不透水的地层。当含水层水头高于地表时，地下水可能会通过上覆含水层渗透性相对较好的局部部分向上流入地表，并以上涌的泉水形式出现。本文对上流式弹簧的一般特性进行了讨论和总结，并给出了上流式弹簧的一些实例。向上流动的泉水可以通过上覆水包层的局部透水带而不是透水断层向上流动。虽然不像洼地泉、接触泉、溢流泉、断层泉等那样常见，但也可能以常温泉、温泉、盐泉的形式出现。

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来源期刊

Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering WATER RESOURCES-

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

9.10%

发文量

308

期刊介绍： It publishes original, innovative, and integrative research in groundwater science and engineering with a focus on hydrogeology, environmental geology, groundwater resources, agriculture and groundwater, groundwater resources and ecology, groundwater and geologic environment, groundwater circulation, groundwater pollution, groundwater exploitation and utilization, hydrogeological standards and methods, groundwater information science, climate change and groundwater. The Editorial Board is composed of more than sixty world-renowned experts and scholars, 47% of whom are foreign scientists. Up to now, the foreign authors contributed papers are from USA, Japan, Canada, Australia, Russia, Mongolia, Thailand and Vietnam.