{"title":"Biosynthesis of cyclotides","authors":"Thomas M A Shafee, K. Harris, M. Anderson","doi":"10.26181/5E3A3D90E6328","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Book chapter postprint DOI: 10.1016/bs.abr.2015.08.005 License: Sherpa/Romeo 0065-2296 Abstract: Cyclotides are gene-encoded, ribosomally produced cyclic proteins. Their biosynthesis is a multistep process involving several enzymes for translation, disulphide isomerization, transport, cleavage and, finally, cyclization. Here, we describe this process, focusing on the cyclization step and the vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) that performs it. Cyclotide precursor proteins contain prodomains that direct organelle targeting and contain sequences necessary for cyclization in addition to the one or more domains that make up the final cyclic product. The VPEs are a family of cysteine proteases that perform cyclization by an adaptation of their more commonly described proteolysis mechanism. VPE-mediated cyclization is dependent on the presence of short recognition sequences (within and flanking the mature cyclotide domain) which have been characterized in vivo and in vitro for the prototypical cyclotide kalata B1. Finally, we compare cyclization by VPEs to other methods of protein cyclization found in nature or developed for biotechnology. Understanding cyclotide biosynthesis is important for both fundamental science, and for broader protein cyclization applications.","PeriodicalId":7282,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Botanical Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"227-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"9","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advances in Botanical Research","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.26181/5E3A3D90E6328","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Abstract
Book chapter postprint DOI: 10.1016/bs.abr.2015.08.005 License: Sherpa/Romeo 0065-2296 Abstract: Cyclotides are gene-encoded, ribosomally produced cyclic proteins. Their biosynthesis is a multistep process involving several enzymes for translation, disulphide isomerization, transport, cleavage and, finally, cyclization. Here, we describe this process, focusing on the cyclization step and the vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) that performs it. Cyclotide precursor proteins contain prodomains that direct organelle targeting and contain sequences necessary for cyclization in addition to the one or more domains that make up the final cyclic product. The VPEs are a family of cysteine proteases that perform cyclization by an adaptation of their more commonly described proteolysis mechanism. VPE-mediated cyclization is dependent on the presence of short recognition sequences (within and flanking the mature cyclotide domain) which have been characterized in vivo and in vitro for the prototypical cyclotide kalata B1. Finally, we compare cyclization by VPEs to other methods of protein cyclization found in nature or developed for biotechnology. Understanding cyclotide biosynthesis is important for both fundamental science, and for broader protein cyclization applications.
期刊介绍:
Advances in Botanical Research (including Advances in Plant Pathology) have been published since 1963. The series has surpassed 85 volumes and features a wide range of reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology and ecology. This includes a comprehensive series of volumes dealing with the genome evolution of plants. Recent developments on plant metabolomics have also been described.