Development and Validation of an Analytical Method for Simultaneous Determination of Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Drinking Water by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Norihiro Kobayashi, S. Takagi, Teruaki Kinoshita, Osamu Sakata, Fumi Nakano, Naoto Watanabe, Azumi Nomura, Nobuyuki Kawai, Toshiya Hiraiwa, M. Okumura, K. Furukawa, T. Kasuya, Noritomo Iwama, J. Yonekubo, Reika Takahara, Seiya Tanaka, Yuko Tsuchiya, Y. Ikarashi
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Abstract
The environmental presence and drinking water contamination of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been reported since the early 2000s. This study seeks to develop a liquid chromatography/ tandem mass spectrometry analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 21 perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in drinking water to support future regulations in Japan. Inter-laboratory tests were conducted in 16 laboratories using different instrument to verify the applicability of the developed method for a wide range of drinking water samples in Japan. Recovery tests of PFAA-fortified tap water samples obtained in each laboratory were conducted at set points of 1 and 10 ng/L. Calibra - tion curve linearity, trueness (recovery), repeatability (RSD r ), and reproducibility (RSD R ) at these analyte concentrations were calculated using data obtained from the recovery tests. The trueness, RSD r , and RSD R of most PFAA analytes were satisfactory when the recoveries were corrected by 13 C-PFAA extraction standards with similar recovery to the corresponding PFAS analytes. The developed analytical method is valid for the quantification of the target PFAAs in drinking water. However, satisfactory PFAA quantification requires recovery adjustment using surrogates with similar recovery characteristics to the PFAA analytes.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Water and Environment Technology is an Open Access, fully peer-reviewed international journal for all aspects of the science, technology and management of water and the environment. The journal’s articles are clearly placed in a broader context to be relevant and interesting to our global audience of researchers, engineers, water technologists, and policy makers. JWET is the official journal of the Japan Society on Water Environment (JSWE) published in English, and welcomes submissions that take basic, applied or modeling approaches to the interesting issues facing the field. Topics can include, but are not limited to: water environment, soil and groundwater, drinking water, biological treatment, physicochemical treatment, sludge and solid waste, toxicity, public health and risk assessment, test and analytical methods, environmental education and other issues. JWET also welcomes seminal studies that help lay the foundations for future research in the field. JWET is committed to an ethical, fair and rapid peer-review process. It is published six times per year. It has two article types: Original Articles and Review Articles.
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