Сlinical and histological features of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer affecting tumor recurrence

Abstract

Introduction. Bladder cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm of the urinary system, which is rep-resented by non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), and metastatic tumors. NMIBCs are known to recur in 40–60% of cases and progress in 10–30% of patients. Therefore, information needs to be systematized and effective schemes for the prognosis and individual treatment for NMIBC, developed. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of clinical and histologi-cal features of the tumor on the recurrence risk in patients with NMIBC. Materials and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical histories of 100 patients with NMIBC after standard treatment. The patients were subsequently divided into two groups depending on the presence or absence of recurrent tumor. On initial and follow-up examinations, we studied sex, age, tumor size, number of lesions, degree of tumor differentiation, and the time of recurrence in the corresponding group of patients. Results. On average, the histological type of tumor with a high degree of differentiation (G1) had a smaller tumor size than histological types of tumor of moderate (G2) and low (G3) differentiation (p=0.02). Multiple bladder lesions almost twice as often resulted in recurrent neoplasms than single tumors (p=0.01). The risk of recurrence significantly reduced with increasing tumor size and decreasing degree of differentiation (p=0.5; and p=0.01 for G2 and G3, respectively). Conclusion. The research data show that clinical and histological features (histological type of tumor, the extension of the bladder lesion, and tumor size) are interrelated with recurrent bladder cancer. Keywords: non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, bladder cancer, oncology, pathology, recurrence of bladder cancer, clinical and histological features