Hereditary Risk Assessment for BRCA Breast and/or Ovarian Cancer

M. T. Martínez, M. Tapia, Lina Candia, B. Bermejo, I. Garrido-Cano, A. Adam-Artigues, P. Eroles, A. Lluch, I. de Juan, E. Contel, C. Hernando, Sara S Oltra, Juan M. Cejalvo, I. Chirivella
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Abstract

Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 ( BRCA1/2 ) mutations are most frequently associated with hereditary breast/ovarian cancer. The study of genetic discriminators and dysregulated pathways involved in hereditary breast/ovarian syndromes has been key in the development of molecular diagnostic strategies, targeted therapies (such as PARP inhibitors), and prevention approaches. The recent development and implementation of next generation sequencing technologies has improved patient selection processes to offer such prevention and surveillance strategies. This review summarizes current knowledge on management and follow-up of BRCA mutation patients and carriers, and also reviews current research lines on the subject that could help improve future management of BRCA germline mutant patients.
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BRCA乳腺癌和/或卵巢癌遗传风险评估
种系BRCA1和BRCA2 (BRCA1/2)突变最常与遗传性乳腺癌/卵巢癌相关。对遗传性乳腺/卵巢综合征的遗传鉴别因子和失调通路的研究是分子诊断策略、靶向治疗(如PARP抑制剂)和预防方法发展的关键。最近新一代测序技术的发展和实施改善了患者选择过程,以提供这种预防和监测战略。本文综述了目前BRCA突变患者和携带者的管理和随访方面的知识,并综述了目前的研究方向,这些研究方向有助于改善BRCA种系突变患者的未来管理。
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