Combustion properties of reduced-lignin black liquors

IF 0.6 4区 农林科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Tappi Journal Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI:10.32964/TJ13.8.81
Niklas Vähä-Savo, N. Demartini, Rufus Ziesig, P. Tomani, H. Theliander, Erkki Välimäki, M. Hupa
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引用次数: 7

Abstract

The growing interest in production of green chemicals and biofuels from biomass provides an incentive for pulp mills to identify new possibilities in recovering more wood components from the pulping process. One possibility is to use lignin, separated from black liquor. We undertook this work to determine the combustion properties of reduced-lignin black liquors-two kraft liquors and one soda liquor-in a laboratory-scale, single-particle furnace. The combustion times, maximum swollen volume, nitric oxide formation, cyanate formation, and sulfur release were measured for the original liquors, the filtrates, and intermediate levels of lignin reduction. Combustion experiments were conducted at 900 degrees C in 10% oxygen. Cyanate formation experiments were carried out by pyrolyzing the droplets at 800 degrees C in 100% nitrogen to form a char. The chars were then gasified at 800 degrees C in a 13% carbon dioxide/87% nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the smelt. Sulfur release was studied by pyrolyzing the samples at temperatures ranging from 300 degrees C to 900 degrees C. Liquors with the lowest lignin content had a smaller maximum swollen volume than the original sample. The devolatilization time was not affected by the lignin removal to any great extent, but lignin removal did have a clear effect on the char burning time. The amount of formed nitric oxide (g N/kg black liquor solids) remained constant or decreased slightly with increasing lignin removal in the kraft liquor samples, while for the soda samples the amount of nitric oxide formed increased. The amount of cyanate decreased clearly when comparing the samples with lowest lignin content to the original liquor samples. The peak sulfur release occurred at 500 degrees C for both kraft liquors. In almost all experiments, the share of sulfur released was highest for the original samples and lowest for the sample with lowest lignin content. These results provide new data on combustion properties for reduced-lignin black liquors and indicate that for lignin removal levels up to about 20%, no significant changes are expected in the combustion behavior. Application: This work will help mills identify the effect of lignin precipitation on combustion properties of black liquor.
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还原性木质素黑液的燃烧性能
人们对利用生物质生产绿色化学品和生物燃料的兴趣日益浓厚,这促使纸浆厂寻找从制浆过程中回收更多木材成分的新可能性。一种可能是使用从黑液中分离出来的木质素。我们在实验室规模的单颗粒炉中进行了这项工作,以确定还原木质素黑液的燃烧特性-两种硫酸盐酒和一种苏打酒。测量了原始液、滤液和木质素还原中间水平的燃烧时间、最大膨胀体积、一氧化氮形成、氰酸盐形成和硫释放。燃烧实验在900摄氏度,10%的氧气中进行。氰酸盐生成实验是通过将液滴在800℃下在100%的氮气中热解成焦进行的。然后在800摄氏度的温度下,在13%的二氧化碳/87%的氮气气氛中气化,以获得熔体。通过在300 ~ 900℃的温度下热解样品,研究了硫的释放。木质素含量最低的白酒的最大膨胀体积比原始样品小。除木质素对脱挥发时间影响不大,但对炭的燃烧时间有明显的影响。随着木质素去除率的增加,牛皮液样品的一氧化氮生成量(g N/kg黑液固体)保持不变或略有下降,而苏打样品的一氧化氮生成量则增加。木质素含量最低的样品与原液样品相比,氰酸盐的含量明显下降。两种牛皮酒的硫释放峰均发生在500℃。在几乎所有的实验中,原始样品的硫释放份额最高,木质素含量最低的样品的硫释放份额最低。这些结果为还原木质素黑液的燃烧特性提供了新的数据,并表明当木质素去除率达到20%左右时,燃烧行为不会发生显著变化。应用:这项工作将帮助工厂确定木质素沉淀对黑液燃烧性能的影响。
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来源期刊
Tappi Journal
Tappi Journal 工程技术-材料科学:纸与木材
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
16.70%
发文量
59
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: An internationally recognized technical publication for over 60 years, TAPPI Journal (TJ) publishes the latest and most relevant research on the forest products and related industries. A stringent peer-review process and distinguished editorial board of academic and industry experts set TAPPI Journal apart as a reliable source for impactful basic and applied research and technical reviews. Available at no charge to TAPPI members, each issue of TAPPI Journal features research in pulp, paper, packaging, tissue, nonwovens, converting, bioenergy, nanotechnology or other innovative cellulosic-based products and technologies. Publishing in TAPPI Journal delivers your research to a global audience of colleagues, peers and employers.
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