Polymorphism of genes in patients with new coronavirus infection COVID-19

Abstract

The incidence of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) varies significantly between countries and continents. Until now, there has been no clear explanation for this observation. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a large difference in infection and mortality rates between men and women. This may be due to the gender difference in the polymorphism of genes linked to the X chromosome, which play an important role in the immune response. In addition, there is a different degree of severity of the disease: from an asymptomatic course and mild symptoms to a life-threatening condition requiring hospitalization in the intensive care unit and artificial lung ventilation. Several factors are associated with the severity of COVID-19, such as elderly age, multiple comorbid diseases, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, etc. However, we observe that severe disease is also observed in patients who do not have the above risk factors. In recent months, severe forms of COVID-19 have been reported in children, including early infancy. In this connection, it is relevant, in our opinion, to focus the problem on genetic factors, such as the carriage of single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which can affect susceptibility to infection and variability in the severity of the disease. © 2022 Sorbtsionnye i Khromatograficheskie Protsessy. All rights reserved.