Corynebacterium amycolatum infective endocarditis in a patient with severe COVID-19: a case report

Abstract

Objective. To present a case of successful treatment of a secondary bacterial infection caused by nondiphtheritic corynebacterium in a patient with severe COVID-19 and known beta-lactam intolerance. Materials and Methods. A clinical case of infective endocarditis (IE) caused by Corynebacterium amycolatum in a 74-year-old patient hospitalized with severe COVID-19 is presented. Comorbidity (secondary immune deficiency due to active malignancy, chemotherapy courses; previous heart disease) and the need for immunosuppressive therapy were triggers for infection caused by a rare Gram-positive bacterium which is usually considered as clinically non-significant. The choice of empiric antimicrobial treatment was limited by the patient’s history of beta-lactam intolerance. Results. A multidisciplinary approach to medical care of the patient and alertness to secondary infections helped to diagnose IE in a timely manner and to choose effective antimicrobial therapy. Combination therapy with vancomycin and amikacin helped to make blood flow free from infection. The further switch to oral doxycycline in outpatient settings resulted in the patient recovery from the infection. Conclusions. Under conditions of limited choice of drug therapy, it is critical to have access to modern microbiological diagnostics which make it possible to diagnose rare pathogens. A dialogue between treating physician and clinical pharmacologist helps to choose an empirical and targeted antimicrobial therapy with the best efficacy-safety ratio. There is a need to be alert to secondary infections, including those of atypical locations and courses and caused by rare or opportunistic pathogens.