ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ИНВАЗИОННОГО КОМПОНЕНТА ФЛОРЫ БЕЛГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ ЗА 170 ЛЕТ

Abstract

The article presents results of the study of the formation of invasive component of flora in the southwest of the Central Russian Upland over a 170-year period. From 2011 to 2019 more than 200 natural habitats in the region were studied and the species composition of the invasive component (totally 78 species) was identified. Based on the study of herbarium specimens from 12 Herbaria, it was found that the appearance of species which have become invasive at the present stage of development of the region’s phytobiota was occurring un-evenly. The dynamics of the appearance of invasive species in the southwest of the Central Russian Upland can be divided into three stages: 1. Appearance of alien species (1850–1929); 2. Initial adaptation and distri-bution of the alien plants (1930–1989); 3. Intensification of introduction and invasion of species (1990– 2019). The analysis conducted by the authors at different stages of the formation of the invasive component of the flora indicates that over the 170-year period there were significant changes in the ratios of various groups of invasive species. Changes in the structure of the invasive component of flora are primarily related to human economic activity, and intensity of anthropogenic impact on natural ecosystems.