Unit Costs and Income from Selected Products in 2016 – Research Results in the AGROKOSZTY System

IF 0.9 Q4 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej Pub Date : 2018-06-18 DOI:10.30858/zer/92066
A. Skarżyńska
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Abstract

The aim of the paper is to present the economic results of winter wheat, winter rye, winter rape, sweet lupine, fodder peas and pigs for slaughter in 2016 on farms with different production scale. Research was held at commercial farms, which sell their production. These farms are enterprises. The results of products were influenced by production capacity of farms, i.e. resources of land, labour and capital, their quality and the manner of use, but they were also dependent on external conditions (e.g. market, weather). Diversification of direct and indirect costs and the costs of own factors of production caused the diversity in economic costs. The research showed that the highest economic costs were recorded for large scale of production – winter wheat, winter rape and fodder pea, for medium scale of production – winter rye and sweet lupine, and for small scale – pigs for slaughter. The income from management was provided by all researched plant production products. Whereas the production of pigs for slaughter did not allow to obtain income from management. However, the favourable effect of the scale of production is visible, the loss of producers pigs for slaughter on a large scale – in comparison to small scale – was almost 5 times lower. The results indicate the advantage of a large scale of production, but it was revealed at different levels of economic calculation.
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2016年选定产品的单位成本和收入- AGROKOSZTY系统的研究成果
本文旨在介绍不同生产规模农场2016年冬小麦、冬黑麦、冬油菜、甜羽扇豆、饲料豌豆和屠宰生猪的经济效益。研究是在出售其产品的商业农场进行的。这些农场是企业。产品的结果受到农场生产能力的影响,即土地资源、劳动力和资本、质量和使用方式,但它们也取决于外部条件(如市场、天气)。直接成本和间接成本的多样化以及自身生产要素成本的多样化导致了经济成本的多样化。研究表明,大规模生产(冬小麦、冬油菜和饲料豌豆)、中等规模生产(冬黑麦和甜羽扇豆)和小规模生产(屠宰猪)的经济成本最高。经营收入由所有研究的植物生产产品提供。而用于屠宰的生猪生产不允许从管理中获得收入。然而,生产规模的有利影响是显而易见的,与小规模相比,大规模屠宰的生产者生猪损失几乎低了5倍。结果表明,大规模生产的优势,但在不同的经济计算水平上表现出来。
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