Contractile torque as a steering mechanism for orientation of adherent cells.

D. Stamenović
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

It is well established that adherent cells change their orientation in response to non-uniform substrate stretching. Most observations indicate that cells orient away from the direction of the maximal substrate strain, whereas in some cases cells also align with the direction of the maximal strain. Previous studies suggest that orientation and steering of the cell may be closely tied to cytoskeletal contractile stress but they could not explain the mechanisms that direct cell reorientation. This led us to develop a simple, mechanistic theoretical model that could predict a direction of cell orientation in response to mechanical nonuniformities of the substrate. The model leads to a simple physical mechanism--namely the contractile torque--that directs the cell toward a new orientation in response to anisotropic substrate stretching or substrate material anisotropy. A direction of the torque is determined by a dependence of the contractile stress on substrate strain. Model predictions are tested in the case of simple elongation of the substrate and found to be consistent with experimental data from the literature.
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收缩力矩作为附着细胞方向的导向机制。
这是很好的确定,贴壁细胞改变他们的方向,以响应不均匀的底物拉伸。大多数观察表明,细胞的方向远离最大底物应变的方向,而在某些情况下,细胞也与最大应变的方向对齐。先前的研究表明,细胞的定向和转向可能与细胞骨架收缩应力密切相关,但它们无法解释指导细胞定向的机制。这使我们开发了一种简单的机械理论模型,可以预测细胞取向的方向,以响应基板的机械不均匀性。该模型推导出一种简单的物理机制——即收缩扭矩——根据基底的各向异性拉伸或基底材料的各向异性,将细胞导向一个新的方向。转矩的方向取决于收缩应力对基体应变的依赖关系。模型预测在基体简单伸长率的情况下进行了测试,发现与文献中的实验数据一致。
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