Efficacy of the Microbial Larvicide VectoMax®G against Anopheles gambiae s.l. and Culex spp. Larvae under Laboratory and Open Field Trial Experiments in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon

Abstract

Background: With the rapid expansion of insecticide resistance limiting the effectiveness of insecticide-based vector control interventions, integrated control strategies associating larviciding could be appropriate to improve current control efforts. The present experimental study assesses laboratory and field efficacy of the larvicide VectoMaxG on Anopheline and Culicine larval stages in Yaoundé. Methods: The effect of the larvicide VectoMaxG, a combination of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) and Bacillus sphaericus (Bs), on larval development was assessed during both laboratory and open field trial experiments. Laboratory experiments permitted the evaluation of five different concentrations with four replicates/experiments. Laboratory experiments were conducted with Anopheles coluzzii “Ngousso” and Culex quinquefasciatus laboratory strains. Open field trials were conducted using sixteen plastic containers with a diameter of 0.31 m buried in an array of four rows with 4 containers each. Distance between rows and between containers in a row was 1 meter. This experiment permitted to test the How to cite this paper: Edmond, K., Aurelie, F.D.G., Nadège, S.-C., Roland, B., Landre, D.-D., Abdou, T., Serges, D., Flobert, N., Parfait, A.-A., Sinclair, W.C. and Christophe, A.-N. (2022) Efficacy of the Microbial Larvicide VectoMax®G against Anopheles gambiae s.l. and Culex spp. Larvae under Laboratory and Open Field Trial Experiments in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon. Advances in Entomology, 10, 34-51. https://doi.org/10.4236/ae.2022.101003 Received: October 15, 2021 Accepted: November 27, 2021 Published: November 30, 2021