Tiwanaku ( Titikaka Lake, Bolivia ) and Alberite Dolmen (Southern Spain) ritual “ears”

A. Arnaiz-Villena, Javier Alonso-Rubio, V. Ruíz-del-Valle
{"title":"Tiwanaku ( Titikaka Lake, Bolivia ) and Alberite Dolmen (Southern Spain) ritual “ears”","authors":"A. Arnaiz-Villena, Javier Alonso-Rubio, V. Ruíz-del-Valle","doi":"10.4314/IJMA.V1I6.3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"There are indications of transatlantic cultural contacts in Prehistoric Times: Solutrean artifacts (about 20,000 years ago) are found in United States archeological sites and also cave wall inscriptions which may be a early alphabet and are identical all over the World are abundant in southern France and northern Spain. In the present paper, close similarities of a Tiwanaku (Titikaka Lake, Bolivia) “ritual ear” and another “ritual ears” observed in Alberite Dolmen (southern Spain, 7,000 years ago) are described. Functionality of these stone carved “ears” is related to amplifying voice and communication between shaman/priest and prayers. Thus, a religious role is put forward for these “ears”, but not excluding other functionalities. In addition, Basque language is considered as a remaining of the initial old Iberian-Tartessian language; Celtic Welsh is now being translated by using Iberian-Tartessian. Iberians identification with Atlantic Celts (British Isles and French Brittany) may be feasible. Also, words of an ancient European language (Basque) and Andean languages are similar in phonology and semantics. Our findings further strengthen the existence of transatlantic cultural contacts, which may have occurred in one direction or being also bidirectional during a wide range of prehistoric time. Key words : Alberite, Aymara, Basques, Bolivia, British, Celts, Dolmen, Iberians, Quechua, Spanish, Tiwanaku","PeriodicalId":14088,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Modern Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2013-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/IJMA.V1I6.3","citationCount":"21","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Modern Anthropology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4314/IJMA.V1I6.3","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21

Abstract

There are indications of transatlantic cultural contacts in Prehistoric Times: Solutrean artifacts (about 20,000 years ago) are found in United States archeological sites and also cave wall inscriptions which may be a early alphabet and are identical all over the World are abundant in southern France and northern Spain. In the present paper, close similarities of a Tiwanaku (Titikaka Lake, Bolivia) “ritual ear” and another “ritual ears” observed in Alberite Dolmen (southern Spain, 7,000 years ago) are described. Functionality of these stone carved “ears” is related to amplifying voice and communication between shaman/priest and prayers. Thus, a religious role is put forward for these “ears”, but not excluding other functionalities. In addition, Basque language is considered as a remaining of the initial old Iberian-Tartessian language; Celtic Welsh is now being translated by using Iberian-Tartessian. Iberians identification with Atlantic Celts (British Isles and French Brittany) may be feasible. Also, words of an ancient European language (Basque) and Andean languages are similar in phonology and semantics. Our findings further strengthen the existence of transatlantic cultural contacts, which may have occurred in one direction or being also bidirectional during a wide range of prehistoric time. Key words : Alberite, Aymara, Basques, Bolivia, British, Celts, Dolmen, Iberians, Quechua, Spanish, Tiwanaku
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
Tiwanaku (Titikaka湖,玻利维亚)和Alberite Dolmen(西班牙南部)仪式“耳朵”
在史前时代就有跨大西洋文化交流的迹象:在美国的考古遗址中发现了梭罗时代的文物(大约2万年前),在法国南部和西班牙北部也有大量的洞穴墙壁铭文,这些铭文可能是一种早期的字母,在世界各地都是相同的。本文描述了Tiwanaku (Titikaka Lake,玻利维亚)的“仪式耳朵”与Alberite Dolmen(西班牙南部,7000年前)观察到的另一个“仪式耳朵”的相似之处。这些石头雕刻的“耳朵”的功能与放大萨满/牧师和祈祷者之间的声音和交流有关。因此,为这些“耳朵”提出了宗教作用,但不排除其他功能。此外,巴斯克语被认为是原始的古老伊比利亚-塔尔泰语的残余;凯尔特威尔士语现在用伊比利亚语翻译。伊比利亚人与大西洋凯尔特人(不列颠群岛和法属布列塔尼)的认同可能是可行的。此外,古代欧洲语言(巴斯克语)和安第斯语言的词汇在音韵和语义上相似。我们的发现进一步加强了跨大西洋文化交流的存在,这种交流可能是单向的,也可能是在史前时期的一个大范围内双向的。关键词:阿尔贝利人、艾马拉人、巴斯克人、玻利维亚人、英国人、凯尔特人、多尔曼人、伊比利亚人、盖丘亚人、西班牙人、蒂瓦纳库人
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
8
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊最新文献
Information management and cultural evolution in Aboriginal Australia (In light of the cultural heterochrony hypothesis) Tindaya Guanche sacred mountain, Fuerteventura (Canary Islands, Spain) and its Ibero-Guanche (Latin) rock inscriptions Second funeral rituals and integration of the dead with the living among the Nawfia of Southeastern Nigeria Parallelism of Prehistoric Lanzarote (Canary Islands) Quesera/Cheeseboard Lunisolar Calendar and intriguing strip band channels of the City of David archaeological site (Middle East) The long lost Ebionites. A relook at the Ibo region of West Africa
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1