MicroRNA Based Therapy and Osteoporosis: A Review of a Novel Therapeutic Agent from Diagnosis to Treatment

Abstract

Disequilibrium between bone resorption and bone formation may cause osteoporosis that reduces bone integrity and physiological function of skeletal system. Osteoblast and osteoclast genesis are two major of biological events that act in bone turnover and dynamic rate of bone remodeling. Ample evidences have been revealed that RANK-L/ OPG, Wnt and BMP Pathways are crucial pathways involved in osteoporosis. Treatment of osteoporosis is becoming important task in post menopause women and old people. Current treatment strategies with osteoporosis drugs are mainly by inhibiting the bone-resorbtion. However, these synthetic medicines have limitless side effects. Several studies have established the important of a group of small non-coding RNAs (MiRNAs) which involve in pathogenesis osteoporosis, bone remodeling, osteoblast differentiation and osteoclast formation and has consider as a gold biomarker for osteoporosis treatment. The pathogenicity factors of osteoporosis, pathways involved in the disease and potential replacement treatment have been emphasized in this paper.