The role of Trichoderma and Gliocladium fungi in the soil biocenosis of greenhouse cucumbers

Abstract

The analysis was conducted on the general biogenicity and phylogenetic structure of fungi in the soil microbiome of greenhouse cucumbers grown as a monoculture and after the precursors of pepper and lettuce. The relationship between the following indicators has been proved: the total biological activity of the soil, the species composition of micromycetes, the development of Fusarium root rot, and yield. The effect of biological preparations based on strains of Trichoderma viride and Gliocladium virens antagonistic fungi on the development of Fusarium root rot, nematodes and yield of cucumbers was studied. The results of the experiment show that when cucumbers are grown after the precursor pepper and lettuce, the development of Fusarium root rot and nematodes does not exceed critical values. The introduction of Trichoderma and Gliocladium fungi into the soil in the form of a dry preparation with a titre 2.0 x 10 10 conidia/g when transplanting plants to a permanent place at a consumption rate of 40 kg/ha increases the yield of greenhouse cucumbers by 20-23%. The experiment is part of the study of the "soil exhaustion" syndrome and the possibilities of overcoming it. The obtained results will serve as bioindicators that can be used for preliminary diagnostics of the sanitary condition of degraded soils, selection of agrotechnical, breeding and protective measures of plants.