Effect of organic and conventional farming system and sowing date on yield, seed oil and protein content in rapeseed cultivars

Q4 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.5937/ratpov57-23744
S. Terzić, A. Marjanović-Jeromela, M. Zorić, V. Sikora, Z. Milovac, P. Mitrović, I. Balalić, V. Radic
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Abstract

Rapeseed is one of the major oil crops, grown in various agroecological conditions. Interest in organic rapeseed is rising, with increasing importance to breeders to determine the need for specific organic breeding programs. The objective of this study was to determine the adaptive value of rapeseed cultivars in organic farming environments. Five winter rapeseed cultivars were grown in conventional and organic plots, each with three sowing dates in four replications. The trials were organized using a randomized block design. The effect of cultivar and farming on emergence, percentage of harvested plants, yield, oil and protein content were investigated. Locally recommended agricultural practices were used to keep the fields free from weeds, insects and diseases. In organic field, weeds were removed mechanically while insects were treated using organic insecticide. The seed samples for analysis of oil and protein content were taken during harvest. Considering agricultural practices, it was found that rapeseed can be successfully grown in organic agriculture, but further improvements are needed to increase stability of production. Early sowing date provides enough time for rapeseed growth before the winter and good overwintering. The cultivars had higher oil content in the conventional farming, while there was no significant effect of farming system on protein content. For cultivar Slavica, higher yield was recorded in organic system, while cultivars Banacanka and Nena had high yield in both farming systems. The results suggest that the existing conventional breeding material can be used as a good starting point for further trait improvements in organic farming.
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有机与常规耕作制度及播期对油菜品种产量、籽油和蛋白质含量的影响
油菜籽是主要的油料作物之一,可在各种农业生态条件下种植。对有机油菜籽的兴趣正在上升,对育种者来说,确定特定有机育种计划的必要性越来越重要。本研究的目的是确定油菜籽品种在有机耕作环境中的适应价值。在常规和有机地块上种植5个冬季油菜籽品种,每个品种4个重复,3个播期。试验采用随机区组设计。研究了品种和耕作方式对出苗率、收获率、产量、油脂和蛋白质含量的影响。采用当地推荐的农业做法,使田地免受杂草、昆虫和疾病的侵害。在有机农田中,除草采用机械除草,除虫采用有机杀虫剂。用于分析油脂和蛋白质含量的种子样品是在收获期间采集的。结合农业实践,发现油菜籽可以在有机农业中成功种植,但需要进一步改进以增加生产的稳定性。早播期为油菜冬前生长和良好的越冬提供了充足的时间。常规耕作方式下品种含油量较高,而不同耕作方式对蛋白质含量无显著影响。品种Slavica在有机耕作系统中产量较高,而品种Banacanka和Nena在两种耕作系统中均有较高产量。结果表明,现有的常规育种材料可作为有机农业进一步性状改良的良好起点。
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来源期刊
Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo
Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Soil Science
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
4
审稿时长
4 weeks
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