Assessment of post-operative velopharyngeal closure in cleft palate patients using cone-beam computed tomography: a pilot study

Abstract

Introduction: Cleft lip and palate can induce velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) that can be detected with numerous imaging techniques. For specific treatment, however, it is essential to implement the appropriate imaging method. Objectives: To introduce a novel technology related to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for assessing movements of the soft palate as a potential diagnostic tool for VPI. Material and methods: Nine participants with and without VPI underwent CBCT examination. Upper airway two-dimensional video images (CineX view) enabled functional assessment. To achieve standardization, pre-viously defined CBCT image quality parameters have been applied. Soft tissue contour, movement, and contact between these structures were assessed by two observers. Results: Soft palate contour and movements were visualized sufficiently to assess presence of velopharyngeal closure in each case. These images enabled qualitative and dynamic assessment of velopharyngeal closure, cor-relating with VPI. Conclusions: CBCT is feasible to detect soft palate movement and velopharyngeal closure as a rapid, non-inva-sive procedure.