La parità ineguale. Il lavoro delle donne in italia fra storia e diritto

IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q2 HISTORY STUDI STORICI Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI:10.7375/93848
Irene Stolzi
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Abstract

italianoL’articolo mira a fornire una ricostruzione di lungo periodo – dall’Italia postunitaria al presente – del quadro normativo e giurisprudenziale che ha disciplinato il lavoro delle donne. Si e tentato, in particolare, di evidenziare i differenti riferimenti concettuali (capacita, funzione, eguaglianza, pari opportunita) di volta in volta utilizzati per disciplinare accessi ed esclusioni, tutele e interventi promozionali. Si e dato particolare risalto al ruolo, per molto tempo marginale, giocato in tale ambito dal principio di uguaglianza e alla tardiva recezione, nell’ordinamento italiano, di una declinazione sostanziale di tale principio, pur solennemente enunciato in costituzione (art. 3, comma 2). Si e inoltre tentato di mettere in luce l’apporto fornito, in questo ambito, dal legislatore e dalla giurisprudenza europei nel quadro di un dialogo complesso e talora conflittuale con il diritto interno. EnglishThe article seeks to provide a long-term reconstruction – from the last decades of the nineteenth century to the present time – of how women’s labour has been regulated by formal Italian law or by the Courts. For each period, the attempt is made to highlight the different conceptual references (capability, function, equality, equal opportunity, etc.) employed from time to time to regulate inclusion and exclusion, protection and affirmative action. Particular emphasis is placed on what had for a long time been the marginal role played in this setting by the principle of equality – and on the Italian legal system’s late adoption of a substantial articulation of this principle, in spite of its solemn enshrinement in the Constitution (art. 3, paragraph 2). The article also attempts to cast light on the contribution made in this area by European law and jurisprudence in the framework of a complex and at times contentious dialogue with national law.
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平等是不平等的。意大利妇女在历史和法律之间的工作
在意大利,这篇文章的目的是对管理妇女工作的法律框架和判例法进行长期的重建- -从统一的意大利到目前为止。特别注意在每一种情况下用于管制访问和排除、保护和促进行动的不同概念参考(能力、职能、平等、机会)。特别强调的是,平等原则在这一领域长期以来所起的微不足道的作用,以及意大利法律在庄严载入《宪法》的同时迟迟改变了这一原则的实质内容。此外,还试图强调欧洲立法者和判例法在这一领域所作的贡献,这些贡献是在与国内法进行复杂和有时相互冲突的对话的框架内进行的。从九世纪最后十年末到现在,英国人要求进行长期的重建,说明妇女的劳动是如何受到正式的意大利法律或法院的监管的。在每个时期,活动都是为了突出不同的概念(能力、功能、平等、平等机会等),从时间到时间地规范包容和排斥、保护和平权行动。具体的emphasis是对长期以来由平等原则在这种安排中发挥的边缘化作用的安插——在意大利法律制度中,由于其在宪法中庄严载入的庄严性质,对这一原则的一项实质性条款的通过已经太晚了。《欧洲法》和《法理学》在与国家法律进行复杂和有时激烈的对话的框架内对这一领域的贡献所作的贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
STUDI STORICI
STUDI STORICI HISTORY-
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